Pancreatic cancer (PCA) is a leading death-related cancer. There is an urgent need for accurate, noninvasive diagnostic options in the early detection of pancreatic cancer (PCA), since delayed diagnosis increases the risk of metastasis and recurrence. In this study, by analyzing gut and fecal microbial data among the pancreatic versus healthy populations, we aim to establish an early detection tool to improve PCA detection, and to explore potential diagnostic biomarkers.

Inclusion Criteria:

PCA Newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer patients; No symptoms of jaundice; Did not yet receive any treatment

NC Individuals who were undergoing routine screenings or physical examination

Exclusion Criteria:

Present/ past diagnosis of (a) other malignancy, (b) infectious diseases, (c) oral or digestive diseases, (d) mental psychiatric or neurodegenerative diseases, (e) chronic diseases that may affect the organ function; Have received certain medical examinations or interventions within specific periods, including (a) antibiotics, hormonotherapy, or immunosuppressor in the past three months, (b) digestive tract reconstructive operation in the past three months, (c) Frequent use of a cathartic, antidiarrheal, or therapeutic dose of probiotics throughout the past one month, (d) Change of diet throughout the past one month, (e) local antibiotics usage in 1 week(skin, antibacterial mouth wash) (f) oral or digestive examination in 3 days.