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This study is a randomized-controlled trial study comparing the association between several degree of head elevation and conventional position during pre-oxygenation to desaturation time in patients undergo endotracheal intubation with general anesthesia
Preoxygenation anesthesia induction is an important part of airway management to reduce the risk of hypoxemia when the patient is apneic. The effectivity of preoxygenation is influenced by several things such as patient's head position. This study aimed to compare preoxygenation with head elevation 20°, 30° and 45° and conventional position to the time of desaturation before endotracheal intubation in patients undergoing general anesthesia. This was a randomized clinical trial of 56 patients, divided into four groups (conventional or 0° head elevation group, 20° head elevation group, 30° head elevation and 45° head elevation group). All subject was preoxygenated for 3 minutes with 100% oxygen. Induction of anesthesia was started with fentanyl, propofol, followed by rocuronium after the patient lost consciousness. Time was recorded from the start of induction until the oxygen saturation showed 93% or a time limit of 5 minutes. There was a significant difference in mean desaturation time among the four groups (p = 0.011). The most significant different was in 45o head elevation group (p < 0.05). . In patients undergoing general anesthesia, pre-oxygenation with head elevation 20°, 30° and 45° slows down the time for desaturation before endotracheal intubation compared to the conventional position. The 45° head elevation has the best result.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Placebo Comparator | Patient positioned in supine conventional position |
|
| 20 degree head elevation | Active Comparator | Patient positioned in 20 degree head elevation position |
|
| 30 degree head elevation | Active Comparator | Patient positioned in 30 degree head elevation position |
|
| 45 degree head elevation | Active Comparator | Patient positioned in 45 degree head elevation position |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Supine position | Procedure | Patients preoxygenated in supine position before endotracheal intubation |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Desaturation time | Time was recorded from the start of induction until the oxygen saturation showed 93% or a time limit of 5 minutes | Right after induction until reach oxygen saturation 93% or 5 minutes time limit |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ratna F Soenarto, Consultant | Indonesia University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cipto Mangunkusumo Central National Hospital | Jakarta Pusat | DKI Jakarta | 10430 | Indonesia |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001049 | Apnea |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012120 | Respiration Disorders |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D012818 | Signs and Symptoms, Respiratory |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016683 | Supine Position |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011187 | Posture |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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Patients were divided into 4 groups by random sampling each with different intervention
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The care provider and investigator were not blinded.
| 20 degree head elevation position | Procedure | Patients preoxygenated in 20 degree head elevation position before endotracheal intubation |
|
| 30 degree head elevation position | Procedure | Patients preoxygenated in 30 degree head elevation position before endotracheal intubation |
|
| 45 degree head elevation position | Procedure | Patients preoxygenated in 45 degree head elevation position before endotracheal intubation |
|
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |