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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of auxiliary intrusion cantilevers used with resilient archwires during the leveling and alignment phase in intruding lower incisors.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Auxiliary intrusion cantilevers | Experimental | Patients received a full set of 0.022- inch slot brackets (Mini 2000, Ormco) with Roth prescription. Lower first molars received double tubed bands while 2nd molars received single bondable tubes. Leveling and alignment phase then started with 0.014 inch NiTi wires engaging all teeth and synched behind 2nd molars. Two 0.017" x 0.025" TMA (Ormco) sectional wires were attached to auxiliary tubes on 1st molars with tip back bends mesial to the molars and attached with hooks distal to lateral incisors on top of basal leveling arch wire. Amount of intrusive force was measured to range between 20 and 40 grams per side. Basal leveling arches were upgraded whenever needed. All patients were assessed after 6 months of treatment. |
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| Routine leveling and alignment | Active Comparator | Patients received a full set of 0.022- inch slot brackets (Mini 2000, Ormco) with Roth prescription, 1st and 2nd molars received tubes or bands according to each patient's further needs Lower arch was leveled and aligned with sequential wires starting with 14 NiTi and upgraded when needed. All patients were assessed after 6 months of treatment. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Auxiliary cantilever intrusion arches on initial archwires | Device | Patients received a full set of 0.022- inch slot brackets (Mini 2000, Ormco) with Roth prescription. Lower first molars received double tubed bands while 2nd molars received single bondable tubes. Leveling and alignment phase then started with 0.014 inch NiTi wires engaging all teeth and synched behind 2nd molars. Two 0.017" x 0.025" TMA (Ormco) sectional wires were attached to auxiliary tubes on 1st molars with tip back bends mesial to the molars and attached with hooks distal to lateral incisors on top of basal leveling arch wire. Amount of intrusive force was measured to range between 20 and 40 grams per side. Basal leveling arches were upgraded whenever needed. All patients were assessed after 6 months of treatment. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Overbite | Distance between incisal edges of upper and lower incisors measured on lateral cephalometric x-rays | six months |
| True incisor intrusion | Perpendicular distance between the center of resistance of mandibular central incisor and the mandibular plane measured on lateral cephalometric x-rays | six months |
| Proclination of lower incisors | Angle formed by the long axis of mandibular central incisor and mandibular plane measured on lateral cephalometric x-rays | six months |
| Lower incisor intrusion and proclination | Perpendicular distance between the incisal edge of the lower central incisor and mandibular plane measured on lateral cephalometric x-rays | six months |
| Lower incisor intrusion | Perpendicular distance between the apex of the lower central incisor and mandibular plane measured on lateral cephalometric x-rays | six months |
| Extrusion of lower first molar | Perpendicular distance between the mesio-buccal cusp tip of the lower first molar and mandibular plane measured on lateral cephalometric x-rays | six months |
| Distal tip of lower first molar | Angle formed between the long axis of lower 1st molar and mandibular plane measured on lateral cephalometric x-rays |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Depth of curve of Spee | Measured on dental casts by summing the right and left side maximum depths from a flat plane formed by the tips of the mandibular incisors anteriorly and the distal cusp tips of the second molars posteriorly | six months |
| Depth of gingival sulcus |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Mona Elmaghraby, BDS | Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt | Principal Investigator |
| Hanan Ismail, PhD | Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt | Study Chair |
| Hassan Kassem, PhD | Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University | Alexandria | 21527 | Egypt |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D057887 | Overbite |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008312 | Malocclusion, Angle Class II |
| D008310 | Malocclusion |
| D014076 | Tooth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
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| Routine leveling and alignment | Device | Patients received a full set of 0.022- inch slot brackets (Mini 2000, Ormco) with Roth prescription, 1st and 2nd molars received tubes or bands according to each patient's further needs Lower arch was leveled and aligned with sequential wires starting with 14 NiTi and upgraded when needed. All patients were assessed after 6 months of treatment. |
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| six months |
The sulcus depth was measured using Michigan O periodontal probe. |
| six months |
| Width of keratinized gingiva | Measured with the aid of periodontal probe from the free gingival margin to the mucogingival junction. | six months |
| Root resorption of lower incisors | Length of lower incisor roots was compared in before- and after-periapical radiographs taken with a paralleling technique. | six months |