Subjects having venous ablation OR port removal with Vascular Surgery at Mayo Clinic will have relaxing music and relaxing sounds played during the procedure.

Subjects having venous ablation OR port removal with Vascular Surgery at Mayo Clinic will have no music played during the procedure.

Audio technology used to create a three-dimensional sound experience in which the user is immersed in a virtual soundscape

Using a ruler, patients select a pain score from 0, "no pain" to 100 "intolerable pain", with a higher score indicating greater pain. The distance between "0/ no pain" and the mark indicates the pain level. The following cut points for quantifying pain using a VAS have been recommended: no pain (0-4 mm), mild pain(5-44 mm), moderate pain (45-74 mm), and severe pain (75-100 mm).

Using a ruler, patients select an anxiety score from 0, "no anxiety" to 100 "maximum anxiety imaginable", with a higher score indicating greater anxiety. The distance between "0/ no anxiety" and the mark indicates the anxiety level. Visual analogue scale for anxiety (VAS-A) has demonstrated to be a useful tool for measuring preoperative anxiety with a threshold for a clinically relevant level of anxiety at around 50mm.

Using a ruler, patients select an anxiety score from 0, "no stress" to 100 "maximum anxiety imaginable", with a higher score indicating greater anxiety. The distance between "0/ no anxiety" and the mark indicates the anxiety level. Visual analogue scale for anxiety (VAS-A) has demonstrated to be a useful tool for measuring preoperative anxiety with a threshold for a clinically relevant level of anxiety at around 50mm.

Number of beats per minute