Not provided
| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| CPHS 32615 | Other Identifier | Dartmouth College CPHS |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Norwegian Institute of Public Health | OTHER_GOV |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Randomized trial testing 6 forms of a communication summarizing the results of a recent study (about the effects of wearing glasses on reducing covid infection risk).
The goal of the trial is to test the effect of different language options to describe uncertainty, and of including the margin of error around the main result.
The study is designed as a proof-of-concept exercise to develop and test a communication meant to summarize the results of a recent randomized trial examining the effects of wearing glasses on the chance of developing COVID-19.
The objectives of the randomized trial are:
Researchers will conduct an online, parallel group, individually randomized, pragmatic trial using a 3x2 factorial design, ie, 3 uncertainly language options (GRADE language, colloquial language or none 2 options for the statistical margin of error for the main results (margin of error language or none).
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| GRADE + margin of error | Active Comparator | Overall uncertainty using GRADE* language AND margin of error around main result * Based on the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group's guidance for communicating the certainty of evidence based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to assessing the certainty of evidence |
|
| Colloquial language AND margin of error | Active Comparator | Colloquial language developed to describe overall study uncertainty AND margin of error around main result |
|
| No overall uncertainty language AND margin of error | Active Comparator | No overall uncertainty language AND margin of error around main result |
|
| GRADE -No margin of error | Active Comparator | Overall uncertainty using GRADE* language and NO margin of error around main result * Based on the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group's guidance for communicating the certainty of evidence based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to assessing the certainty of evidence |
|
| Colloquial - No margin of error |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall uncertainty language | Other | Researchers are testing different forms of information about overall study uncertainty and margin of error around main result |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| understanding of overall uncertainty of benefit (of wearing glasses to reduce the chance of covid infection) | How sure about the effect (4 point scale from very unsure to very sure) | within 1 day |
| understanding of overall uncertainty of harm (of wearing glasses to reduce the chance of covid infection) | How sure about the effect (4 point scale from very unsure to very sure) | within 1 day |
| sufficiency of what is known about the effects of wearing glasses to reduce the chance of covid infection | How sure about the effect (4 point Likert scale) | within 1 day |
| Understanding the margin of error around the benefit of wearing glasses to reduce covid | this is a co-primary outcome which will be used only to compare the 3 versions that include the margin of error to the 3 versions that do not | within 1 day |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| perceived effect of wearing glasses to reduce chance of covid infection | What is the effect on a 5 point scale (lowers a lot, lowers a little, no effect, increase a little, increases a lot | within 1 day |
| how likely is it that wearing glasses reduces the chance of covid infection |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Steven Woloshin, MD | Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clincal Practice | Principal Investigator |
| Andy Oxman, MD | Norwegian Institute of Public Health | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norwegian Institute of Public Health | Oslo | Norway |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40101228 | Derived | Holst C, Woloshin S, Oxman AD, Rose C, Rosenbaum S, Munthe-Kaas HM. Alternative Presentations of Overall and Statistical Uncertainty for Adults' Understanding of the Results of a Randomized Trial of a Public Health Intervention: Parallel Web-Based Randomized Trials. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2025 Mar 18;11:e62828. doi: 10.2196/62828. |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000086382 | COVID-19 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011024 | Pneumonia, Viral |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
Not provided
Not provided
3 options for describing bias/uncertainty about results 2 options for margin of error around main result (we will run the trial twice on 2 different online platforms)
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Active Comparator |
Colloquial language developed to describe overall study uncertainty and NO margin of error around main result |
|
| No overall uncertainty language AND no margin of error | Placebo Comparator | No overall uncertainty language and NO margin of error around main result |
|
|
4 point scale (very likely, likely, unlikely, very unlikely) |
| within 1 day |
| intended behavior (if there were a surge in covid in your area, how likely would you be to wear glasses to reduce the chance of covid infection | 4 point scale (very likely, likely, unlikely, very unlikely | within 1 day |
| intended behavior (if there were very few cases of covid in your area, how likely would you be to wear glasses to reduce the chance of covid infection | 4 point scale (very likely, likely, unlikely, very unlikely | within 1 day |
| perceptions fo information provided (trustworthy summary?) | 4 point Likert scale (strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree) | within 1 day |
| perceptions fo information provided (sufficient summary?) | 4 point Likert scale (strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree) | within 1 day |
| perceptions fo information provided (clarity of info about benefit) | 4 point scale (very clear, clear, unclear, very unclear) | within 1 day |
| perceptions fo information provided (clarity of info about harm) | 4 point scale (very clear, clear, unclear, very unclear) | within 1 day |
| perceptions fo information provided (info helpful?) | 4 point scale (very helpful, helpful, unhelpful, very unhelpful) | within 1 day |
| perceptions fo information provided (share info with others?) | 4 point scale (definitely yes, probably yes, probably no, definitely no) | within 1 day |
| Decisional conflict (hard to make decision) | 4 point LIkert scale (strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree) | within 1 day |
| Decisional conflict (made informed decision) | 4 point LIkert scale (strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree) | within 1 day |
| Decisional conflict (satisfied with decision) | 4 point LIkert scale (strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree) | within 1 day |
| D014777 |
| Virus Diseases |
| D018352 | Coronavirus Infections |
| D003333 | Coronaviridae Infections |
| D030341 | Nidovirales Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |