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So far, antidepressant drugs have limited memory improvement. Transcranial direct current stimulation, as a non-invasive and safe neuroregulatory technique, is a new direction to improve memory.In this study, transcranial direct current stimulation of the greater occipital nerve was used to explore the effect of improving memory function in patients with stable depression, and related studies were conducted on the locus coeruleus-noadrenal loop and the functional connection between locus coeruleus, hippocampus and amygdala.
In this study, a randomized, controlled, double-blind design was adopted. Patients with depression were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group to receive true or fake tDCS stimulation respectively. Clinical data, memory and other related cognitive function assessment, EEG, resting state fMRI, saliva and blood indicators were collected two weeks before and two weeks after the intervention, and followed up for eight weeks. Finally, data correlation analysis was performed.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Active ON-tDCS | Active Comparator | The active group will receive the active transcranial direct current stimulation via a saline-soaked pair of surface sponges. Patients received this treatment protocol for 5 consecutive days. |
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| Sham ON-tDCS | Sham Comparator | The sham group will also receive the transcranial direct current stimulation for 5 consecutive days on sham procedure. The rationale behind this sham procedure was to mimic the transient skin sensation at the beginning of active ON-tDCS without producing any conditioning effects on the brain. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active ON-tDCS | Device | DC was transmitted via a saline-soaked pair of surface sponges and delivered by specially developed, battery-driven, constant current stimulator with a maximum output of 2 mA. For each participant receiving ON-tDCS, the anodal electrode placed over the left C2 nerve dermatome, and cathodal electrode placed over the right C2 dermatome. A constant current of 1.5 mA was applied for 20 min. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in working memory test scores after intervention. | The working memory test consists of two parts, which measure the breadth and accuracy of working memory respectively. The breadth of working memory will be tested using the operating span experiment, as the accuracy of working memory will be tested using the Memory Orientation experiment. | Baseline, 2-week, 2-month |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in three component test of executive function scores after intervention. | The three component tests of executive function were one-backward test, anti-saccade and shifting test respectively.In the one-backward test, subjects need to memorize letters while counting numbers, scoring them according to the accuracy of the alphabetic memory order; The anti-saccade test asks subjects to react to a flash of arrows (0.5 seconds) by selecting the direction they see on a keyboardï¼›The shifting test asked subjects to select a forward or reverse feedback key depending on where the icon appeared. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Huang, Manli, M.D | Contact | 13957162975 | 86 | huangmanli@zju.edu.cn |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University | Recruiting | Hanzhou | Zhejiang | 310009 | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003863 | Depression |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| Sham ON-tDCS | Device | For sham group, placement of the electrodes was identical to that of active ON-tDCS. ON-tDCS was first switched on in a ramp-up fashion over 5 s. Current intensity (ramp down) was gradually reduced (over 5 s) as soon as ON-tDCS reached a current flow of 1.5 mA. Hence, sham ON-tDCS only lasted 10 s (as opposed to 20 min in the active group). |
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| Baseline, 2-week, 2-month |
| Change in the test of logical memory on the Wechsler Memory Test score after intervention. | The test asked participants to retell a story they had heard and rate how well they recalled it | Baseline, 2-week, 2-month |