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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi | OTHER |
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COVID-19 causes a wide spectrum of clinical illness, from upper respiratory symptoms to severe respiratory failure and death. Several plasma biomarkers -such as IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and ferritin, among others- have been studied as markers of disease severity and prognosis. Besides, as alveolar damage biomarkers such as Surfactant protein D (SP-D), Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), and soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation end products (sRAGE) can be used in lung diseases as well as COVID-19 pneumonia. The investigators hypothesized that serum SP-D, KL-6 and sRAGE levels increases in the setting of COVID-19 pneumonia. In this prospective study the investigators aimed to determine the clinical value of serum KL-6, SP-D and sRAGE levels as a prognostic marker in children with COVID-19 patients. In the literature review, it has been determined that there is no study conducted or published in pediatric patients for this purpose, and it is aimed that our study will be a pioneer study on this subject.
It aimed to determine the clinical value of serum KL-6, SP-D and sRAGE levels as a prognostic marker in children with COVID-19 patients.. This study was planned as a case-control study with patients hospitalized in the Haseki Training and Research Hospital Pediatric Infection Ward. A total of 150 children, including at least 30 patients in each group were included in the study. The study group was divided into three groups according to COVID-19 WHO clinical progression Scale: uninfected (Group 1), mild (Group 2) and moderate (group 3). In order to investigate the relationship between disease severity and alveolar damage, serum KL-6, SP-D and sRAGE levels and high sensitive C-reactive protein were measured. These biomarkers levels were compared between three groups.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | The study group divided into 3 groups according to COVID-19 WHO Clinical progression scale: Uninfected; No viral RNA detected | ||
| Group 2 | The study group divided into 3 groups according to COVID-19 WHO Clinical progression scale: Ambulatory mild disease Viral RNA detected but asymptomatic course, Symptomatic but not given any medication and Symptomatic given medication | ||
| Group 3 | The study group divided into 3 groups according to COVID-19 WHO Clinical progression scale: Hospitalized moderate disease Hospitalized but no oxygen therapy and Hospitalized and given oxygen by mask or nasal cannula |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Relationship between SARS-CoV-2 severity and alveolar damage biomarker levels | Serum samples were obtained from all patients on admission. The data set divided into three groups according to COVID-19 WHO Clinical progression scale. The Surfactant protein D, Krebs von den Lungen-6, high sensitive C-reactive protein and soluble receptor for Advanced Glycation end products levels were determined by using ELISA kits. These biomarker levels were compared between three groups by using Kruskal-Wallis test and Tukey post test for multiple comparisons. | baseline |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Children and adolescents diagnosed as diagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infection and whose parents sign the informed consent from to participate the study
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Gulsen Akkoc, M.D. | Haseki Training and Research Hospital | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haseki Training and Research Hospital | Istanbul | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 32539990 | Background | WHO Working Group on the Clinical Characterisation and Management of COVID-19 infection. A minimal common outcome measure set for COVID-19 clinical research. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Aug;20(8):e192-e197. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30483-7. Epub 2020 Jun 12. | |
| 20158912 | Result | Determann RM, Royakkers AA, Haitsma JJ, Zhang H, Slutsky AS, Ranieri VM, Schultz MJ. Plasma levels of surfactant protein D and KL-6 for evaluation of lung injury in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients. BMC Pulm Med. 2010 Feb 16;10:6. doi: 10.1186/1471-2466-10-6. |
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The IPD are available from the principal investigator upon reasonable request
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000086382 | COVID-19 |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
| D011024 | Pneumonia, Viral |
| C536137 | Medullary cystic kidney disease 1 |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D014777 | Virus Diseases |
| D018352 | Coronavirus Infections |
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3-5 cc serum was obtained from participants. serum samples were stored at -80° C
| 32865490 | Result | Kommoss FKF, Schwab C, Tavernar L, Schreck J, Wagner WL, Merle U, Jonigk D, Schirmacher P, Longerich T. The Pathology of Severe COVID-19-Related Lung Damage. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2020 Jul 20;117(29-30):500-506. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2020.0500. |
| 33379178 | Result | Sivapalan P, Bonnesen B, Jensen JU. Novel Perspectives Regarding the Pathology, Inflammation, and Biomarkers of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 28;22(1):205. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010205. |
| D003333 |
| Coronaviridae Infections |
| D030341 | Nidovirales Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |