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The study aims to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of the traditional and computerized home-based visual-motor training programs on at-risk kindergarteners.
The purpose of this project is to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of home-based traditional visual-motor activities and tablet games on fine motor, visual perception, visuo-motor integration, handwriting performance, and adaptive behaviors of at-risk kindergarteners. At-risk kindergarteners will be randomized into the three groups: control, traditional, and tablet groups. In addition to regular early intervention, children in the traditional and tablet group will receive home-based visuo-motor training program with their parents. Children in the control group will only receive regular intervention during the study period.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | No Intervention | regular early intervention | |
| Traditional visual-motor training program | Experimental | traditional visual-motor training program plus regular early intervention |
|
| Computerized visual-motor training program | Experimental | computerized visual-motor training program plus regular early intervention |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional visual-motor training program | Behavioral | Traditional visual-motor program includes play and paper-and-pencil activities |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills-Fourth Edition (TVPS-4) | the change of visual-perceptual skills | baseline, after 12 weeks |
| the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Second Edition (BOT-2) | the change of fine motor skills | baseline, after 12 weeks |
| the Chinese Handwriting Test | the change of the Chinese handwriting performance | baseline, after 12 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Berry-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration- Forth Edition (VMI) | the change of VMI | baseline, after 12 weeks |
| the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales - Third Edition - Chinese Version (VABS-3-C) (Parents/Caregivers Edition)adaptive behavior |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yea-Shwu H Hwang, ScD | Contact | 886-62353535 | 5914 | yshwang@mail.ncku.edu.tw |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Yea-Shwu Hwang, ScD | National Cheng Kung University | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24120756 | Background | Chen YN, Lin CK, Wei TS, Liu CH, Wuang YP. The effectiveness of multimedia visual perceptual training groups for the preschool children with developmental delay. Res Dev Disabil. 2013 Dec;34(12):4447-54. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.09.023. Epub 2013 Oct 11. | |
| 28071977 | Background | Lin LY, Cherng RJ, Chen YJ. Effect of Touch Screen Tablet Use on Fine Motor Development of Young Children. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2017 Oct 20;37(5):457-467. doi: 10.1080/01942638.2016.1255290. Epub 2017 Jan 10. |
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IPD are to be shared with other researchers
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007859 | Learning Disabilities |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003147 | Communication Disorders |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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pretest-posttest control group design
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The assessors are blinded to the assigned group of participants
| Computerized visual-motor training program | Behavioral | Computerized visual-motor training program includes tablet visual-motor games |
|
the change of adaptive behavior |
| baseline, after 12 weeks |
| the test of Visual Perception of Chinese Characters | The change of visual perception of Chinese characters | baseline, after 12 weeks |
| the Game Questionnaire | The questionnaire is designed to measure the difficulty, participation, and liking level of playing the training games using 5-point Likert scale from parental view after the completion of the games. | through study completion, an average of one week |
| Parental Feedback Questionnaire | The questionnaire consists of a few open-ended questions which are designed to realize parental experience of participating the home-based visual-motor training program. | after 12 weeks |
| 20621444 | Background | Poon KW, Li-Tsang CW, Weiss TP, Rosenblum S. The effect of a computerized visual perception and visual-motor integration training program on improving Chinese handwriting of children with handwriting difficulties. Res Dev Disabil. 2010 Nov-Dec;31(6):1552-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.06.001. |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D065886 | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |