The goal of this observational study is to provide a feasible surgical strategy based on Nagata method for patients who require secondary revision surgeries and to verify its long-term aesthetic outcomes. The main question it aims to answer is:

• Whether ear reconstruction surgery based on Nagata method can improve the unsatisfactory outcomes of primary reconstruction surgery? Participants who had accepted secondary ear reconstruction based on Nagata method in our department will be required to received questionnaires in the follow-up and their photographs will be collected for reconstructed ear evaluation of its realness through convolutional neural network (CNN) models we previously developed.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Chest circumference larger than 60cm at the lowest sternum level;
• Willingness to participate long-term follow-ups;
• Ability to correctly understand the questionnaire(>8 years old).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with damaged superficial temporal artery (STA);
• Patients with poor condition of rib cartilage;
• Patients with active inflammation in auricular area;
• Patients who refuses surgical approach.

Microtia patients seeking for secondary ear reconstructions who had previously received reconstructive surgeries while the aesthetic outcomes were displeasing