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Enamel development defects are the result of a set of environmental, systemic and genetic causal agents that reveal a multifactorial etiology model, which in anterior teeth produces a serious aesthetic problem, converted into a problem of visual perception. In hypomineralized enamel, light rays encounter multiple interfaces between organic and mineral fluids, with different refractive indices. At each interface, the light is deflected and reflected, producing an overexposed "optical labyrinth" that is perceived as a yellow, white, or brown stain.
The term "infiltration" has been modified and developed commercially in Germany for the treatment of non-cavitated caries on smooth and proximal surfaces, in which the porosities of the enamel lesion are infiltrated with a low-viscosity resin, thus creating a barrier of diffusion, without the need for any type of additional material on the tooth surface.
An added positive effect of infiltration with the queens is that the enamel lesions lose their whitish appearance when the microporosities are filled, mimicking the area of the lesion with the remaining healthy enamel. This effect is what has led clinicians to adapt this treatment for the management of enamel defects.
Given the growing interest in the treatment of opacities in the anterior sector, due to the demanding contemporary aesthetic requirements, and the increased acceptance of minimally invasive therapies, the need has been seen to seek greater predictability for the treatment of defects. of conservative enamel from an early age and offer effective therapeutic alternatives.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| white defects | Experimental | Evaluate the infiltration of the defects. |
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| yellow defects | Experimental | Evaluate the infiltration of the defects. |
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| Brown defects | Experimental | Evaluate the infiltration of the defects. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| white defects | Procedure | "With the previously cleaned tooth, the enamel will be prepared with a product that makes it more porous, thus eliminating the decalcified areas of the deepest part of the lesion. After completely removing the water from the surface, the resin will be applied infiltrating between the canaliculi of the enamel. When polymerized, it will form a framework that will seal the surface, thus improving surface resistance and aesthetics by modifying the refractive indices of the affected enamel, mimicking it with the remaining healthy enamel". |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in the color of opacities | Measured in color changes of opacities using the CIE L*A*B* system. The color of (coated) objects is visualized and quantified by using the CIELAB color space. The 3-dimensional color space is built-up from three axes that are perpendicular to one another.The L*-axis gives the lightness: a white object has an L* value of 100 and the L* value of a black object is 0. The so-called achromatic colors, the shades of grey, are on the L*-axis. Chromatic ('real') colors are described by using the two axes in the horizontal plane. The a*-axis is the green-red axis and the b*-axis goes from blue (-b*) to yellow (+b*).its measurement is possible thanks to the spectrophotometer. Clinical improvement and better visual perception of infiltrated enamel defects | Between five and six months |
| Change in the density of opacities | DIAGNOdent is a diagnostic method based on an intermittent red fluorescence laser with a wavelength of 655 nm and 1 mW (milliwatt )that penetrates several millimeters from the tooth surface. | Between five and six months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| aesthetic change of opacities | Satisfaction questionnaire. A post-treatment questionnaire will be passed with questions regarding the satisfaction of the patient and parents. The results will be classified from 0 to 4, with 0 being not at all satisfied and 4 being very satisfied. | Between five and six months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
. Pediatric patients, aged between 9 and 16 years.
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Universitat de València | Valencia | 46010 | Spain |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41597140 | Derived | Casana-Ruiz MD, Vello-Ribes MA, Catala-Pizarro M. Resin Infiltration for Anterior Teeth Affected by Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in Children and Adolescents: A Clinical Study of Color Masking, Sensitivity, and Aesthetic Perception: A Prospective Single-Arm Interventional Clinical Study. Children (Basel). 2026 Jan 15;13(1):131. doi: 10.3390/children13010131. |
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The project will be carried out by a research team. Where there will be a principal investigator, and a collaborator who will carry out the clinical experimentation part.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000094604 | Molar Hypomineralization |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000094603 | Dental Enamel Hypomineralization |
| D000094602 | Developmental Defects of Enamel |
| D014071 | Tooth Abnormalities |
| D018640 | Stomatognathic System Abnormalities |
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| yellow defects | Procedure | "With the previously cleaned tooth, the enamel will be prepared with a product that makes it more porous, thus eliminating the decalcified areas of the deepest part of the lesion. After completely removing the water from the surface, the resin will be applied infiltrating between the canaliculi of the enamel. When polymerized, it will form a framework that will seal the surface, thus improving surface resistance and aesthetics by modifying the refractive indices of the affected enamel, mimicking it with the remaining healthy enamel". |
|
| brown defects | Procedure | "With the previously cleaned tooth, the enamel will be prepared with a product that makes it more porous, thus eliminating the decalcified areas of the deepest part of the lesion. After completely removing the water from the surface, the resin will be applied infiltrating between the canaliculi of the enamel. When polymerized, it will form a framework that will seal the surface, thus improving surface resistance and aesthetics by modifying the refractive indices of the affected enamel, mimicking it with the remaining healthy enamel". |
|
| D014076 | Tooth Diseases |
| D000013 | Congenital Abnormalities |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |