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Rates of antimicrobial resistance are increasing worldwide. There is increasing evidence that physiological gut microbiota is a large reservoir of antibiotic-resistance genes. Healthy gut microbiota is known to prevent the colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by pathogens, the so-called mechanism of colonization resistance, but this protective mechanism can be altered by therapies that impair gut microbiota, including antibiotics with consequent colonization of gut pathogens, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). CRE carriers represent an epidemiological threat to other hospitalized patients and to the whole community, but are also at risk of developing clinical consequences of this colonization, including bloodstream infections from these pathogens. Neomycin has shown high efficacy in the eradication of CRE invitro. Neomycin has also been approved to treat hepatic coma by eradicating bacterial in gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, this evidence suggests that this procedure could be useful in eradicating CRE.
However, current evidence is mostly limited.
The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of Neomycin, compared with no intervention in eradicating gut colonization from CRE.
The investigators will randomize patients colonized by CRE (diagnosed by rectal swab) to Neomycin by stratified randomization according to type of CRE species (E.coli or non-E.coli). Then, patients will be followed up, rectal swabs will be repeated, and stool samples for culture and will be collected, up to 14 days after Neomycin.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neomycin | Active Comparator | Patients enrolled in this arm will receive Neomycin. |
|
| Non neomycin | No Intervention | Patients enrolled in this arm will not receive any interventions. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neomycin | Drug | Neomycin (350 mg/tablet) 1.4 g three times a day (4.2 g per day) for 5 days |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of patients with microbiological eradication at 2 weeks after neomycin administration | Microbiological eradication is defined as the disappearance of CRE in hospitalized patients' faces at 2 weeks after neomycin administration | 2 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Incidence of ์Neomycin toxicity (safety) | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events as Assessed by CTCAE v4.0 | 2 weeks |
| Incidence of ์carbapenemases in isolated CRE | Number of carbapenemases in isolated CRE |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adhiratha Boonyasiri, MD | Contact | +66850632181 | adhiratha.bon@mahidol.ac.th |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Adhiratha Boonyasiri, MD | Mahidol University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University | Recruiting | Bangkok | 10700 | Thailand |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29250040 | Background | Hu Y, Liu L, Zhang X, Feng Y, Zong Z. In Vitro Activity of Neomycin, Streptomycin, Paromomycin and Apramycin against Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Clinical Strains. Front Microbiol. 2017 Nov 17;8:2275. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02275. eCollection 2017. | |
| 35135653 | Background | Park SY, Lee JS, Oh J, Lee SH, Jung J. Effectiveness of selective digestive decolonization therapy using oral gentamicin for eradication of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae carriage. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2022 Nov;43(11):1580-1585. doi: 10.1017/ice.2021.492. Epub 2022 Feb 9. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D058345 | Asymptomatic Infections |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007239 | Infections |
| D058070 | Asymptomatic Diseases |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009355 | Neomycin |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000617 | Aminoglycosides |
| D006027 | Glycosides |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
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| 2 weeks |
| Number of CRE isolates susceptible to neomycin at 2 weeks after neomycin administration | Number of CRE isolates are susceptible to neomycin at 2 weeks after neomycin administration according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline. | 2 weeks |
| Number of CRE isolates susceptible to amikacin at 2 weeks after neomycin administration | Number of CRE isolates are susceptible to amikacin after at 2 weeks after neomycin administration according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline. | 2 weeks |
| Number of CRE isolates susceptible to gentamicin at 2 weeks after neomycin administration | Number of CRE isolates are susceptible to gentamicin at 2 weeks after neomycin administration according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline. | 2 weeks |
| D013568 |
| Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |