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The goal of this randomized control trial is to learn if professional coaching can help reduce physician burnout among physicians at UCLA. The main aims of the study are:
Participants will be randomly assigned into one of three groups:
Participants will complete several surveys that assess for burnout, work engagement and satisfaction, sense of social support and isolation, and areas of worklife) before the start, upon completion of the intervention and again at 6 months upon completion of the sessions for the delayed-entry group.
Each group also received coach-guided activities/behavioral interventions during coaching sessions. These activities will be sent by coaches to participates throughout the 3 month period and include, but are not limited to: Wheel of Life, visioning exercise, one page miracle: core values, purpose, and goals, buckets and mental models.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| One-on-one professional coaching | Experimental | One-on-one professional coaching (N=30). Six one-on-one coaching sessions via Zoom with one of two private professional coaches every other week for 3-4 months. The professional coaching method includes (but will not be limited to) the following themes: optimizing meaning and engagement in work, building social support and community, improving work efficiency, addressing workload and boundary setting, enhancing communication, and building leadership skills, pursuing hobbies and creation/innovation, and promoting self-compassion and self-care (with a focus on physical and mental health). Coach-guided activities/behavioral interventions are included with coaching sessions. These activities are reviewed with participants throughout the 3-4 month period and include, but are not limited to: Wheel of Life, visioning exercise, one page miracle: core values, purpose, and goals, buckets and mental models. |
|
| Small-group professional coaching with coach-guided activities/behavioral internventions | Experimental | Coach-facilitated small group professional coaching sessions and coach-guided activities/behavioral interventions (N=30). Six small-group coaching sessions via Zoom with one of two private professional coaches and three physician participants in each group, every other week for 3-4 months. The professional coaching method is similar to those receiving 1:1 professional coaching. The primary difference in this intervention group is that coaching sessions will be group-based with 3 physician participants. |
|
| Delayed-entry group (placebo then one-on-one professional coaching) | Experimental | Delayed-Entry Group 3 (N=30). No intervention during the 90 day study period. Note: once participation in the pilot study has been completed for Groups 1 and 2, physicians participating in Group 3 will be offered to participate in six one-on-one sessions with a private professional coach over a 3 month period. The professional coaching method includes (but will not be limited to) the following themes: optimizing meaning and engagement in work, building social support and community, improving work efficiency, addressing workload and boundary setting, enhancing communication, and building leadership skills, pursuing hobbies and creation/innovation, and promoting self-compassion and self-care (with a focus on physical and mental health). |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| One-on-one professional coaching | Behavioral | One-on-one professional coaching |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Burnout | Physician burnout (as measured by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment) evaluated with the Maslach Inventory Scale | 90 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Areas of Worklife | Workload, control, reward, community, fairness and values as measured by the Areas of Worklife Survey | 90 days |
| Self-efficacy | Sense of self-efficacy as measured by New General Self-Efficacy Scale |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Joshua Khalili, MD | University of California, Los Angeles | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of California, Los Angeles | Los Angeles | California | 90095 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Background | Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP. Maslach Burnout Inventory. 4th ed. Menlo Park, CA: Mind Garden; 2016 | ||
| 10621016 | Background | Leiter MP, Maslach C. Six areas of worklife: a model of the organizational context of burnout. J Health Hum Serv Adm. 1999 Spring;21(4):472-89. | |
| Background | New General Self Efficacy Scale: Chen, G., Gully, S. M., & Eden, D. (2001). Validation of a new general self-efficacy scale. Organizational research methods, 4(1), 62-83 | ||
| Background | Utrecht Work Engagement Scale: Schaufeli W, Bakker A. UWES: Utrecht Work Engagement Scale: preliminary manual [version 1.1, December 2004]. https://www.wilmarschaufeli.nl/publications/Schaufeli/Test%20Manuals/Test_manual_UWES_English.pdf. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002055 | Burnout, Professional |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000073397 | Occupational Stress |
| D009784 | Occupational Diseases |
| D000077062 | Burnout, Psychological |
| D013315 | Stress, Psychological |
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|
| Small-group professional coaching | Behavioral | Small-group professional coaching |
|
| 90 days |
| Work Engagmement and Satisfaction | Measured by the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale | 90 days |
| Social Support | Sense of social support and isolation as measured by the PROMIS Social Isolation Subscale and Social Provisions Scale | 90 days |
| 24447188 | Background | Hahn EA, DeWalt DA, Bode RK, Garcia SF, DeVellis RF, Correia H, Cella D; PROMIS Cooperative Group. New English and Spanish social health measures will facilitate evaluating health determinants. Health Psychol. 2014 May;33(5):490-9. doi: 10.1037/hea0000055. Epub 2014 Jan 20. |
| Background | Social Provisions Scale: Cutrona CE, Russell DW. The provisions of social relationships and adaptation to stress. Advances in Personal Relationships. 1987;1:37-67. |
| 24290109 | Background | Dyrbye LN, Varkey P, Boone SL, Satele DV, Sloan JA, Shanafelt TD. Physician satisfaction and burnout at different career stages. Mayo Clin Proc. 2013 Dec;88(12):1358-67. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.07.016. |
| 31132791 | Background | Han S, Shanafelt TD, Sinsky CA, Awad KM, Dyrbye LN, Fiscus LC, Trockel M, Goh J. Estimating the Attributable Cost of Physician Burnout in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 2019 Jun 4;170(11):784-790. doi: 10.7326/M18-1422. Epub 2019 May 28. |
| 27918798 | Background | Panagioti M, Panagopoulou E, Bower P, Lewith G, Kontopantelis E, Chew-Graham C, Dawson S, van Marwijk H, Geraghty K, Esmail A. Controlled Interventions to Reduce Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2017 Feb 1;177(2):195-205. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.7674. |
| 31380892 | Background | Dyrbye LN, Shanafelt TD, Gill PR, Satele DV, West CP. Effect of a Professional Coaching Intervention on the Well-being and Distress of Physicians: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2019 Oct 1;179(10):1406-1414. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2425. |
| 40643743 | Derived | Khalili J, Miotto K, Wang T, Mafi JN, Kyababchyan E, Sanford J, Elashoff D, Brook J, Adebambo Y, Smith PI, Nguyen E, Yoo SM. Professional Coaching to Reduce Physician Burnout: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Gen Intern Med. 2025 Jul 11. doi: 10.1007/s11606-025-09653-w. Online ahead of print. |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |