Family Education Only. Parents will be asked to participate in an evidence based program s that includes 6-8 visits with a a trained healthcare provider.

This program of early intervention based on the promotion of the parent-child relationship through the recognition of behavioral states, methods of interaction, facilitation strategies in the relationship.

Active listening Visits includes a cycle of 5-6 consecutive meetings lasting about an hour. The meetings will take place in a defined and dedicated space (private room) or if possible (if no other parents are present) at the baby's cradle. The meeting will take place between a single parent and a trained direct operator. This is not a psychotherapeutic intervention but a support that is provided to the parent. The support is mainly based on active listening, on the problems posed by the parent and on the subject's empowerment.

Family Education and Active Listening. Parents of infants will be asked to participate in an evidence based program for parents of NICU infants that includes 6-8 visits with a a trained healthcare provider operator.

This evidence-based program of early intervention based on the promotion of the parent-child relationship through the recognition of behavioral states, methods of interaction, facilitation strategies in the relationship.

The program takes its conceptual basis from the Mother Infant Transaction Program (MITP).

It involves about 6 meetings (1-2 a week) of 30-45 minutes that are carried out during the hospitalisation in the NICU directly at the child's bed between the operator and one or both parents.

Bedside intervention directly with infant with trained healthcare providers and parents. Includes family education meetings completed with individual infant parent/s and trained operator. In addition, weekly meetings of parent/s with a psychologist in a private location for an active listening counselling session.

Video footage of key vocal, facial, and motor parental and infant interactive behaviours are analysed using micro coding system.

Video footage of key vocal, facial, and motor parental and infant interactive behaviours are analysed using micro coding system.

Video footage of key vocal, facial, and motor parental and infant interactive behaviours are analysed using micro coding system.

Bayley Scales of Infant Development Third Edition will be conducted including the Cognitive, Language (Receptive & Expressive), Motor (Gross & Fine), Social-Emotional and Adaptive sub scales. Each sub scale score will be calculated based on the age (months of age) of the infant at the time assessment. Higher scores mean a better outcome.

The Infant Toddler Quality of Life QuestionnaireTM (ITQOL)

The General Movements Assessment (GMA), an observation of infant spontaneous movements will be completed and scored based on a standard protocol of GMA. The observation allows for the understanding of the neurological risk category for neuromotor difficulties.