Study Evaluating Kesimpta® Treatment Effects in Patients With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Transitioning From Other Therapies

A Non-interventional Study Evaluating Kesimpta® (Ofatumumab) Treatment Effects in Patients With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Transitioning From Other Therapies [KAIROS]

KAIROS was a prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study (NIS) in Germany. Prospective, primary data was collected via questionnaires and an electronic case report form (eCRF) over a period of one year (max. 1.5 years) of treatment. Additionally, medical history of participants was collected including disease duration, EDSS, MRI parameters and relapses.

The decision for ofatumumab as routine medical treatment must have been taken independently of and prior to the study start. During the observation phase of the study, data was collected according to standard of care as recommended by KKNMS (Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis in Germany).

The prospective observational period per patient was up to approx. one year from the time of consent (1 year ± 2 months visit window + potentially 6 months follow-up to confirm disability worsening in patients who showed increase in EDSS within 6 months prior to EOS). The observational period was not dictated by the protocol. The follow-up documentation took place at a frequency defined as per investigator's discretion. The diagnostic or monitoring procedures were only those ordinarily applied to the therapeutic strategy and to routine clinical care, could be performed as telemedicine visits and took place as per investigator's discretion.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Written informed consent must be obtained before participating in the study
2. Diagnosis of RMS per McDonald Criteria (2017) (Thompson, Banwell et al. 2018)
3. Prior treatment with EU approved DMT for MS other than ofatumumab
4. Decision for treatment initiation of ofatumumab (Kesimpta®) prior to study participation and planned initiation of ofatumumab after respective wash-out period of prior DMT (if applicable) or performed initiation of ofatumumab within the last 14 days
5. Ofatumumab treatment in line with the German label

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Use of investigational drugs during the study, OR within 3 months before ofatumumab initiation, OR within 5 half-lives of investigational drug before ofatumumab initiation, OR until the expected pharmacodynamic effect has returned to baseline, whichever is longer
2. Subjects who are not able to provide consent due to incapable judgement
3. Simultaneous participation in any investigational trial or simultaneous participation in another Novartis-sponsored non-interventional study with ofatumumab