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The diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders such as early Alzheimer's disease (AD) or primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is particularly difficult and constantly evolving, often leading to diagnostic erraticity. However, several studies have shown that graphic parameters are affected in people with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. The use of new technologies in the study and analysis of the abilities of people with neurodegenerative diseases is increasingly recommended. The use of a digital tablet with a stylus makes it possible to objectivize the kinematic parameters of writing (pressure, inclination, speed, jerk, time of writing task) and thus would allow a low-cost diffusion of this technology in particular by including it in already existing screening batteries.
The overall objective of the project is to characterize and compare the graphical markers of a writing task, either language-based (writing words, non-words, sentences) or non-language-based (drawing shapes), in patients with PPA, early-stage Alzheimer's disease (i.e., at the stage of minor neurocognitive disorders and major neurocognitive disorders at the beginning of the disease), and in people with no cognitive disorders.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | Participants will complete a graphic task included in a validated test for language impairment in adults and the elderly (DTLA). They must not have a diagnosis of minor or major neurocognitive disorder. |
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| Alzheimer's Disease group | Participants will complete a graphic task included in a validated test for language impairment in adults and the elderly (DTLA). They must have mild stage Alzheimer's disease: 1/ Be diagnosed according to ICD-10 criteria for the following conditions: Alzheimer's disease and 2/ Have an MMSE score between 20 and 27, corresponding to a major TNC of mild stage or have a diagnosis of minor TNC with an MMSE score between 25 and 30, the validity period of a previously done MMSE is 3 months. |
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| PPA group | Participants will complete a graphic task included in a validated test for language impairment in adults and the elderly (DTLA). They must have Primary Progressive Aphasia according to the Gorno-Tempini criteria (Gorno-Tempini et al., 2011) and have an MMSE score between 20 and 27, corresponding to mild stage major CND or have a diagnosis of minor CND with an MMSE score between 25 and 30, the validity period of a previously made MMSE is 3 months. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identification of Graphic Markers | Behavioral | The study consists of a single physical visit to the research team's site. Participants will take a graphic task included in a validated test for language impairment in adults and older adults (DTLA). This test with writing data has a maximum completion time of 15 minutes. Diagnostic data will be collected from the patient's chart, frailty data and socio-demographic data will be collected by self-questionnaires. Participants will be evaluated by the principal investigator or his or her representatives from the research team. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Average writing pressure | The primary outcome measure is the difference in writing pressure averages collected between the language and non-language tasks in the three groups of interest. It will be assessed using DTLA screening battery (Macoir et al., 2017) to which writing tasks will be added. | 3 months |
| Average writing speed | The second primary outcome measure is the difference in writing speed averages collected between the language and non-language tasks in the three groups of interest. It will be assessed using DTLA screening battery (Macoir et al., 2017) to which writing tasks will be added. | 3 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Physical and autonomy frailty | A physical frailty score will be obtained by using the CARE questionnaire. An autonomy frailty score will be obtained by using ADL and IADL scales. | 3 months |
| Socio-demographic characteristics |
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Inclusion Criteria:
For control group :
For AD :
For PPA :
Exclusion Criteria:
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Participants will be selected from the patient files of the principal investigator.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRIUGM | Montreal | Quebec | H3W 1W5 | Canada |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000544 | Alzheimer Disease |
| D018888 | Aphasia, Primary Progressive |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003704 | Dementia |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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Participants will be asked their date of birth, sex, gender, lateralization (right-handed, left-handed or ambidextrous), level of education, born in Canada or elsewhere, number of years on Canadian soil, place of living (individual residence, RPP, other), presence of a natural caregiver.
| 3 months |
| Stage of the neurodegenerative disease | Stage of the neurodegenerative disease will be assessed by using the MMSE test. Furthermore, participants will be asked the number of medications taken per day, the use of psychotropic medications (antidepressants, anxiolytics, neuroleptics) and the use of an antidementia treatment. | 3 months |
| D024801 |
| Tauopathies |
| D019636 | Neurodegenerative Diseases |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D001037 | Aphasia |
| D013064 | Speech Disorders |
| D007806 | Language Disorders |
| D003147 | Communication Disorders |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |