Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
We do not have enough physicians who are authorized to perform buccal acupuncture in both hospitals.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Beijing Jishuitan Hospital | OTHER |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
This study is designed to test the hypothesis that, for older orthopedic patients who developed postoperative delirium, combining buccal acupuncture with routine care will shorten delirium duration and relieve delirium severity.
Delirium is an acute, transient central nervous system dysfunction characterized by fluctuating disturbances of attention, consciousness, and cognitive function. Delirium is common in older patients following surgery. The incidence of postoperative delirium ranges from 12.0% to 23.8% in older patients; the incidence of delirium is about 10.7-17.6% in older patients after joint replacement surgery. The occurrence of delirium is associated with worse outcomes, including increased early postoperative complications, prolonged hospital-stay, and increased in-hospital mortality, as well as long-term decline in cognitive function, quality of life, and survival duration.
Clinical use of acupuncture has a long history in China. Buccal acupuncture therapy is a microneedle technique and provides treatment for systemic diseases by acupuncturing specific acupoints in the cheek. Acupuncture is also used for delirium treatment. Studies of older patients who developed delirium in internal medicine wards found that, compared with routine care alone, combining routine care with acupuncture relieved delirious symptoms and severity more efficaciously. However, evidence in this aspect is limited. We suppose that, for older orthopedic patients who developed postoperative delirium, combining buccal acupuncture with routine care will shorten delirium duration and relieve delirium severity.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Buccal acupuncture | Experimental | Buccal acupuncture will be performed in addition to routine care. |
|
| Routine care | Active Comparator | Routine care will be provided. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buccal acupuncture in addition to routine care | Procedure | Acupuncture will be performed at a depth of 10 mm, with the needle retaining for 20 min, in addition to routine care. Bilateral acupoints include "Tou", "Shangjing", "Jing", "Bei", and "Sanjiao". Unilateral acupoints is related to surgical sites and include "Kuan" in hip joint replacement surgery and "Xi" in knee joint replacement surgery. Patients with agitation will be treated first until agitation is controlled before acupuncture is performed. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of delirium-free days within 5 days | Delirium will be assessed twice daily (8:00-10:00 am, 18:00-20:00 pm) with the 3D-Confusion Assessment Method (3D-CAM) for non-intubated patients or the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) for intubated patients. | Up to 5 days after enrollment |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Delirium severity within 5 days | Delirium severity will be assessed twice daily (8:00-10:00 am, 18:00-20:00 pm) with the Confusion Assessment Method-Severity (CAM-S). | Up to 5 days after enrollment |
| Time to first delirium resolution |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain intensity | Pain intensity, both at rest and with movement, will be assessed twice daily (8:00-10:00 am, 18:00-20:00 pm) with the numeric rating scale (NRS), an 11-point scale where 0 indicates no pain and 10 the worst pain. | Up to 5 days after enrollment |
| Subjective sleep quality |
Inclusion criteria:
Exclusion criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Dong-Xin Wang, MD, PhD | Peking University First Hospital | Principal Investigator |
Not provided
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33011097 | Background | Silva AR, Regueira P, Albuquerque E, Baldeiras I, Cardoso AL, Santana I, Cerejeira J. Estimates of Geriatric Delirium Frequency in Noncardiac Surgeries and Its Evaluation Across the Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2021 Mar;22(3):613-620.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.08.017. Epub 2020 Oct 1. | |
| 28742701 |
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000071257 | Emergence Delirium |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003693 | Delirium |
| D003221 | Confusion |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
|
| Routine care | Other | Routing care includes the following: (1) remove the precipitating cause and treat the primary disease; and (2) supportive care, including reorientation and cognitive stimulation, sleep enhancement, early mobility and exercise, vision and hearing optimization, family engagement and empowerment, and early oral intake and nutrition. |
|
Delirium resolution indicates no delirium episode for at least 24 hours.
| Up to 5 days after enrollment |
| Delirium subtype | Each time before assessing delirium, sedation or agitation will be assessed using the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS), with scores ranging from -5 (unarousable) to +4 (combative) and 0 indicates alert and calm. Patients with delirium will be classified into three subtypes: hyperactive (RASS consistently positive, from +1 to +4), hypoactive (RASS consistently neutral or negative, from -3 to 0), and mixed. | Up to 5 days after enrollment |
| Length of hospital stay after surgery | Length of hospital stay after surgery | Up to 30 days after surgery |
| Quality of life at 30 days after surgery | Quality of life will be assessed with the World Health Organization Quality of Life brief version (WHOQOL-BREF) which is a 24-item questionnaire that assesses the quality of life in physical, psychological, and social relationship, and environmental domains. The score ranges from 0 to 100 for each domain, with higher score indicating better function. | At 30 days after surgery |
Subjective sleep quality will be assessed once daily (8:00-10:00 am) with the numeric rating scale (NRS), an 11-point scale where 0 indicates the best possible sleep and 10 the worst possible sleep. |
| Up to 5 days after enrollment |
| Non-delirium complications | Defined as new-onset medical conditions other than delirium that were deemed harmful and required therapeutic intervention, i.e., grade II or higher on the Clavien-Dindo classification. | Up to 30 days after surgery |
| All-cause mortality | All-cause mortality | Up to 30 days after surgery |
| Berian JR, Zhou L, Russell MM, Hornor MA, Cohen ME, Finlayson E, Ko CY, Rosenthal RA, Robinson TN. Postoperative Delirium as a Target for Surgical Quality Improvement. Ann Surg. 2018 Jul;268(1):93-99. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002436. |
| 33482875 | Background | Rong X, Ding ZC, Yu HD, Yao SY, Zhou ZK. Risk factors of postoperative delirium in the knee and hip replacement patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021 Jan 22;16(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s13018-020-02127-1. |
| 34772392 | Background | Zhou Q, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Hou M, Tian X, Yang H, He F, Chen X, Liu T. Predictors of postoperative delirium in elderly patients following total hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2021 Nov 12;22(1):945. doi: 10.1186/s12891-021-04825-1. |
| 35207601 | Background | Kitsis P, Zisimou T, Gkiatas I, Kostas-Agnantis I, Gelalis I, Korompilias A, Pakos E. Postoperative Delirium and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Elective Hip or Knee Arthroplasty: A Narrative Review of the Literature. Life (Basel). 2022 Feb 20;12(2):314. doi: 10.3390/life12020314. |
| 19384221 | Background | Lat I, McMillian W, Taylor S, Janzen JM, Papadopoulos S, Korth L, Ehtisham A, Nold J, Agarwal S, Azocar R, Burke P. The impact of delirium on clinical outcomes in mechanically ventilated surgical and trauma patients. Crit Care Med. 2009 Jun;37(6):1898-905. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819ffe38. |
| 22091577 | Background | Quinlan N, Rudolph JL. Postoperative delirium and functional decline after noncardiac surgery. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011 Nov;59 Suppl 2:S301-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03679.x. |
| 23616958 | Background | Lescot T, Karvellas CJ, Chaudhury P, Tchervenkov J, Paraskevas S, Barkun J, Metrakos P, Goldberg P, Magder S. Postoperative delirium in the intensive care unit predicts worse outcomes in liver transplant recipients. Can J Gastroenterol. 2013 Apr;27(4):207-12. doi: 10.1155/2013/289185. |
| 24168808 | Background | Abelha FJ, Luis C, Veiga D, Parente D, Fernandes V, Santos P, Botelho M, Santos A, Santos C. Outcome and quality of life in patients with postoperative delirium during an ICU stay following major surgery. Crit Care. 2013 Oct 29;17(5):R257. doi: 10.1186/cc13084. |
| 19745202 | Background | Pisani MA, Kong SY, Kasl SV, Murphy TE, Araujo KL, Van Ness PH. Days of delirium are associated with 1-year mortality in an older intensive care unit population. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009 Dec 1;180(11):1092-7. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200904-0537OC. Epub 2009 Sep 10. |
| 18577850 | Background | Bickel H, Gradinger R, Kochs E, Forstl H. High risk of cognitive and functional decline after postoperative delirium. A three-year prospective study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2008;26(1):26-31. doi: 10.1159/000140804. Epub 2008 Jun 24. |
| 19735334 | Background | Van Rompaey B, Schuurmans MJ, Shortridge-Baggett LM, Truijen S, Elseviers M, Bossaert L. Long term outcome after delirium in the intensive care unit. J Clin Nurs. 2009 Dec;18(23):3349-57. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.02933.x. Epub 2009 Sep 4. |
| 35001376 | Background | Swarbrick CJ, Partridge JSL. Evidence-based strategies to reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium: a narrative review. Anaesthesia. 2022 Jan;77 Suppl 1:92-101. doi: 10.1111/anae.15607. |
| 11129764 | Background | Inouye SK, Bogardus ST Jr, Baker DI, Leo-Summers L, Cooney LM Jr. The Hospital Elder Life Program: a model of care to prevent cognitive and functional decline in older hospitalized patients. Hospital Elder Life Program. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2000 Dec;48(12):1697-706. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb03885.x. |
| 30076080 | Background | Hshieh TT, Yang T, Gartaganis SL, Yue J, Inouye SK. Hospital Elder Life Program: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Effectiveness. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2018 Oct;26(10):1015-1033. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2018.06.007. Epub 2018 Jun 26. |
| 21169829 | Background | Morandi A, Brummel NE, Ely EW. Sedation, delirium and mechanical ventilation: the 'ABCDE' approach. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2011 Feb;17(1):43-9. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0b013e3283427243. |
| 28187050 | Background | Aldecoa C, Bettelli G, Bilotta F, Sanders RD, Audisio R, Borozdina A, Cherubini A, Jones C, Kehlet H, MacLullich A, Radtke F, Riese F, Slooter AJ, Veyckemans F, Kramer S, Neuner B, Weiss B, Spies CD. European Society of Anaesthesiology evidence-based and consensus-based guideline on postoperative delirium. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2017 Apr;34(4):192-214. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000594. |
| 14687356 | Background | Sternberg SA, Chandran A, Sikka M. Alternative therapy use by elderly African Americans attending a community clinic. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003 Dec;51(12):1768-72. doi: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51562.x. |
| 18942280 | Background | Ryder PT, Wolpert B, Orwig D, Carter-Pokras O, Black SA. Complementary and alternative medicine use among older urban African Americans: individual and neighborhood associations. J Natl Med Assoc. 2008 Oct;100(10):1186-92. doi: 10.1016/s0027-9684(15)31475-9. |
| 17950177 | Background | Loera JA, Reyes-Ortiz C, Kuo YF. Predictors of complementary and alternative medicine use among older Mexican Americans. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2007 Nov;13(4):224-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2007.03.002. Epub 2007 Apr 18. |
| 33685268 | Background | Levy I, Gavrieli S, Hefer T, Attias S, Schiff A, Oliven R, Wisberg-Levi S, Hanchinsky R, Schiff E. Acupuncture Treatment of Delirium in Older Adults Hospitalized in Internal Medicine Departments: An Open-Label Pragmatic Randomized-Controlled Trial. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2022 May;35(3):333-343. doi: 10.1177/0891988721996804. Epub 2021 Mar 9. |
| D009422 |
| Nervous System Diseases |
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |