Resistive Breathing Versus Inspiratory Hold Technique in Patients With Chronic Bronchitis

Comparison of Resistive Breathing Versus Inspiratory Hold Technique in Patients With Chronic Bronchitis

The aim of the study is to determine the importance and impact of resistive breathing techniques versus inspiratory hold techniques in patients with chronic bronchitis and specially to find out if there are any changes seen in results measured via the incentive spirometer.

Chronic Bronchitis (CB) is defined as a chronic cough and sputum production for at least 3 months a year for 2 consecutive years. It is covered under the umbrella term of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Chronic bronchitis is thought to be caused by overproduction and hypersecretion of mucus by goblet cells. Epithelial cells lining the airway response to toxic, infectious stimuli by releasing inflammatory mediators and e.g. pro-inflammatory cytokines. During an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, the bronchial mucous membrane becomes hyperemic and edematous with diminished bronchial mucociliary function. This, in turn, leads to airflow impediment because of

luminal obstruction to small airways. The airways become clogged by debris and this further increases the irritation. The characteristic cough of bronchitis is caused by the copious secretion of mucus in chronic bronchitis. Pseudostratified epithelium, highlighting the pseudostratified epithelial cells, goblets cells (shown in blue), then underlying connective tissue.(3) To determine the importance and impact of resistive breathing techniques versus inspiratory hold techniques in patients with chronic bronchitis and specially to find out if there are any changes seen in results measured via incentive spirometer. There are few studies done over it whereas purpose of this research work is to compare these techniques to get better results.

Inclusion Criteria:

• • Diagnosed with chronic bronchitis

  • Clinically stable patients.
  • Both genders.
  • Age 45 to 60 years.
  • Pink puffers included in this study
  • Clients that are involved in research are not allowed for other interventional therapies. They can take their regular medications.
  • Patients diagnosed at least 2 years ago with bronchitis.

Exclusion Criteria:

• • Presence of any genetic disorders (cystic fibrosis).

  • Recent spinal / chest surgery
  • Cardiac issues
  • Fractures of vertebra caused by osteoporosis.