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Hippotherapy simulators imitate the passive movements of the horse, producing simple movements similar to those of the horse. Hippotherapy simulators are intended to improve sitting balance, postural control and trunk balance.
The aim of this study was to research the therapeutic effects of hippotherapy simulator on sitting balance, trunk control and upper extremity skills in individuals with Cerebral Palsy (CP).
Spastic CP will be participate the study between the ages of 4 and 18 years. Children's classified with GMFCS and MACS.
The eligible participants will be allocated two groups, including hippotherapy simulator training group and traditional physiotherapy control group. All the assessments will be performed before and after the training in the 8-week training groups.
The control group individuals will be given a traditional physiotherapy two days per week for a total of 8 weeks (traditional physiotherapy session will last 45 minutes). Hippotherapy simulator training group will receive a traditional physiotherapy and hippotherapy simulator training, two days a week for a total of 8 weeks (30 minutes traditional physiotherapy session+15 minutes hippotherapy simulator training). All sessions will be performed in the clinic with the specialist physiotherapist.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hippotherapy simulator training group | Experimental | Hippotherapy simulator training group will receive a traditional physiotherapy and hippotherapy simulator training, two days a week for a total of 8 weeks (30 minutes traditional physiotherapy session+15 minutes hippotherapy simulator training). |
|
| Traditional physiotherapy group | Active Comparator | Traditional physiotherapy group individuals will be given a traditional physiotherapy two days per week for a total of 8 weeks (traditional physiotherapy session will last 45 minutes). |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hippotherapy simulator training | Other | Hippotherapy simulator training will be designed for the individual basis. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) | Assessing functional level and motor function. Gross motor functions of children with CP are classified in five levels with GMFCS. This is a classification system based on the child's self-initiated movements with emphasis on sitting, displacement and mobility. | At Baseline |
| Manuel ability classification system (MACS) | This is a classification system based on the grasping and releasing objects in daily life, and how they use their hands while holding objects. It is classify the hand skills of children with CP between the ages of 4-18.Children with CP are classified in five levels with MACS. The higher level indicates worse hand function | At Baseline |
| Change from Baseline Gross Motor Function Measure-88 at 8 weeks | It is used to show gross motor functions and changes in these functions. It consists of five main sections. Each section can be used by calculating separately within itself. The total score ranges from 0 to 100, with a high score indicating better function. | Change from Baseline at 8 weeks |
| Change from Baseline Trunk Control Measurement Scale at 8 weeks | This scale consists of two main parts as dynamic and static sitting balance. The scale consists of 15 questions. The scoring of the items is 0, 1, 2 or 3. The total score ranges from 0 to 58, with a high score indicating better trunk control. | Change from Baseline at 8 weeks |
| Change from Baseline Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory at 8 weeks | The Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) is designed for the functional evaluation of children with special needs. This will be used to evaluate functional ability and performance. 0: can not do, 1: can do in the form of scoring is done. At the end of the evaluation, the points of the related section are collected. Higher score indicates a better level of functional independence. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Demet GÖZAÇAN KARABULUT | Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gaziantep | Gaziantep | 27010 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39022889 | Derived | Gozacan Karabulut D, Numanoglu Akbas A. The effect of horse riding simulator on upper extremity skills, trunk control and functionality in cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial. Disabil Rehabil. 2025 Apr;47(7):1725-1732. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2380785. Epub 2024 Jul 18. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002547 | Cerebral Palsy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001925 | Brain Damage, Chronic |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| Traditional physiotherapy | Other | Traditional physiotherapy within a specific program |
|
| Change from Baseline at 8 weeks |
| Change from Baseline ABILHAND-Kids at 8 weeks | Abilhand Kids evaluates manual ability in children with upper extremity disorders. It consists of 21 items and confirmed in CP. The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 21 and the highest score is 63. It can be stated that higher scores correspond to more difficulty in activities. | Change from Baseline at 8 weeks |
| Change from Baseline The Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test at 8 weeks | The Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT) will be used to evaluate hand function in daily life. Both hands are tested separately. The time for all activities is recorded with a stopwatch. Higher duration indicates worse hand function. | Change from Baseline at 8 weeks |