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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Gazi University | OTHER |
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Parkinson's disease is a chronic, neurodegenerative disorder characterized with the loss of dopamine-producing neurons. This loss is likely to be related with several environmental and genetic factors. One of the most important factor that is responsible for the initation and progression of the disease is oxidative stress. Exercise training, especially aerobic training, can change the levels of oxidative markers because exercise can lead to decrease oxidative stress in patients with Parkinson's disease. Therefore, this study aims to investigate (1) the effect of aerobic training on total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, glutathione, oxidative glutathione, and zonulin levels, (2) the relationship between the change of motor symptoms and disease severity and the change of total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, glutathione, oxidative glutathione, and zonulin levels.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aerobic exercise | Experimental | This group will participate in an aerobic training program (8-week, 3 times weekly, and 30-min each time) and conventional physiotherapy program (8-week, 3 times weekly, and 45-min each time). |
|
| Conventional physiotherapy | Active Comparator | This group will participate in a conventional physiotherapy program (8-week, 3 times weekly, and 45-min each time). |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise training | Other | People with Parkinson's Disease will be received a supervised physiotherapy and rehabilitation program. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Total antioxidant status | Total antioxidant status is an important marker of total antioxidant capacity and it indicates an overall measure for the cumulative action of all antioxidants. | 10 minutes |
| Total oxidant status | Total oxidant status is an significant marker of total oxidant capacity and it indicates an overall measure for the cumulative action of all oxidants. | 10 minutes |
| Glutathione | Glutathione is an important intracellular antioxidant that protects against a variety of different antioxidant species. | 10 minutes |
| Oxidative glutathione | Oxidative glutathione generated by glutathione reductase should be provided as decreased glutathione to the site. | 10 minutes |
| Zonulin | The levels of zonulin can reflect systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. | 10 minutes |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale | The Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale is the most commonly used scale to assess disease severity in Parkinson's Disease. It consists of four parts: (1) non-motor experiences of daily living, (2) motor experiences of daily living, (3) motor examination, and (4) motor complications. | 15 minutes |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatih Soke, Asst. Prof. | Contact | +90 506 932 81 02 | fatih.soke@sbu.edu.tr |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ayse Bora Tokcaer, Prof. Dr. | Gazi University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi | Ankara | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12666096 | Background | Jenner P. Oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol. 2003;53 Suppl 3:S26-36; discussion S36-8. doi: 10.1002/ana.10483. | |
| 20461398 | Background | Elokda A, DiFrancisco-Donoghue J, Lamberg EM, Werner WG. Effects of exercise induced oxidative stress on glutathione levels in Parkinson's disease on and off medication. J Neurol. 2010 Oct;257(10):1648-53. doi: 10.1007/s00415-010-5584-6. Epub 2010 May 12. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010300 | Parkinson Disease |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020734 | Parkinsonian Disorders |
| D001480 | Basal Ganglia Diseases |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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| 32394964 | Background | Dani C, Proenca IT, Marinho J, Peccin P, da Silva IRV, Nique S, Striebel V, Pochmann D, Elsner VR. Aquatic exercise program-modulated oxidative stress markers in patients with Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res. 2020 Nov;15(11):2067-2072. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.276337. |
| 31607362 | Background | Xu X, Fu Z, Le W. Exercise and Parkinson's disease. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2019;147:45-74. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2019.06.003. Epub 2019 Jun 20. |
| 30886681 | Background | Khan Z, Ali SA. Oxidative stress-related biomarkers in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Iran J Neurol. 2018 Jul 6;17(3):137-144. |
| 26010212 | Background | Yuan Y, Tong Q, Zhang L, Jiang S, Zhou H, Zhang R, Zhang S, Xu Q, Li D, Zhou X, Ding J, Zhang K. Plasma antioxidant status and motor features in de novo Chinese Parkinson's disease patients. Int J Neurosci. 2016;126(7):641-6. doi: 10.3109/00207454.2015.1054031. Epub 2015 Jul 14. |
| 34220443 | Background | Dumitrescu L, Marta D, Danau A, Lefter A, Tulba D, Cozma L, Manole E, Gherghiceanu M, Ceafalan LC, Popescu BO. Serum and Fecal Markers of Intestinal Inflammation and Intestinal Barrier Permeability Are Elevated in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci. 2021 Jun 18;15:689723. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.689723. eCollection 2021. |
| 23665395 | Background | Smeyne M, Smeyne RJ. Glutathione metabolism and Parkinson's disease. Free Radic Biol Med. 2013 Sep;62:13-25. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.05.001. Epub 2013 May 8. |
| 19542204 | Background | Martin HL, Teismann P. Glutathione--a review on its role and significance in Parkinson's disease. FASEB J. 2009 Oct;23(10):3263-72. doi: 10.1096/fj.08-125443. Epub 2009 Jun 19. |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D009069 | Movement Disorders |
| D000080874 | Synucleinopathies |
| D019636 | Neurodegenerative Diseases |
| D001519 | Behavior |