Psychologists or PsyTechs in mental health services of primary care clinics will provide individual psychotherapy to depressed adolescents in the TAU arm. Local mental health professionals providing depression treatment in the TAU arm will not have been trained on IPT for adults or adolescents. Also, the two Ministry of Health psychologists trained as trainers of IPT-AG will not provide treatment in the TAU Arm.

Group IPT-AG will be facilitated by the trained providers at each YFHS using the IPT-AG manual adapted to the Mozambican context. Adolescents will participate in 12 weekly sessions. The first and last sessions will be one-on-one with the provider. The first session is used for the participant and provider to develop a treatment plan and the last session is to prepare for treatment termination. All other sessions will be conducted in groups of 6-8 adolescents.

IPT-AG is a ten session, group therapy for adolescents. Each group contains 6-8 adolescents who attend weekly sessions together. The goals of IPT-AG are: 1) to reduce depression symptoms, and 2) to improve interpersonal relationships. Another aim of the group format is to increase adolescents' experience with positive social interactions and to reduce social isolation.

The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-A is a 9-item severity measure of depression for adolescents adapted from the PHQ-9. Questions ask how often an adolescent has been bothered by different depression symptoms in the past week, and responses of "not at all," "several days," "more than half the days," and "nearly every day" are given scores of 0 to 3. A total score is calculated by summing the value of all items and ranges from 0 (better outcome) to 27 (worse outcome). The change in PHQ-A score will be reported as a percent change.

The Group IPT-AG Fidelity Checklist is a 14-item scale that measures provider fidelity to group interpersonal therapy for adolescents. Providers are scored for superior (1), satisfactory (2), or needs improvement (3) adherence to each item on the checklist, which each represent and essential element of treatment (e.g., gives hope that depression is treatable, links depression to interpersonal problems). The score of the 14-items is averaged to compute the IPT-AG Fidelity rating (1=superior, 2=satisfactory, 3=needs improvement). The total score range is 1 to 14, with a lower score indicating a better outcome. This outcome was only assessed in participants who received the study intervention.

Group IPT-AG will be facilitated by the trained providers at each YFHS using the IPT-AG manual adapted to the Mozambican context. Adolescents will participate in 12 weekly sessions. The first and last sessions will be one-on-one with the provider. The first session is used for the participant and provider to develop a treatment plan and the last session is to prepare for treatment termination. All other sessions will be conducted in groups of 6-8 adolescents.

The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-A is a 9-item severity measure of depression for adolescents adapted from the PHQ-9. Questions ask how often an adolescent has been bothered by different depression symptoms in the past week, and responses of "not at all," "several days," "more than half the days," and "nearly every day" are given scores of 0 to 3. A total score is calculated by summing the value of all items and ranges from 0 (better outcome) to 27 (worse outcome). The change in PHQ-A score will be reported as a percent change.

Group IPT-AG will be facilitated by the trained providers at each YFHS using the IPT-AG manual adapted to the Mozambican context. Adolescents will participate in 12 weekly sessions. The first and last sessions will be one-on-one with the provider. The first session is used for the participant and provider to develop a treatment plan and the last session is to prepare for treatment termination. All other sessions will be conducted in groups of 6-8 adolescents.