blade-finger technique is a new technique for laparoscopic access which is safe

after optaining irb approval and patients consented, they were divided into 3 groups to whom one of the techniques of laparoscopic entery was applied and there was a comparison between these groups

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients more than 18 year-old.
• underwent laparoscopic surgery in general surgery departments in both centers from March, 2020 to May, 2022.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with one or more previous abdominal surgery (upper, lower or upper and lower midline scars).
• Patients with distended abdomen due to bowel obstruction.
• Patients with uncorrected coagulopathy.