Ultrasound guided superior trunk block with 10 ml % 0.25 bupivacaine

+ 400 mg tramadol, IV 4 mg/ mL tramadol solution into 100 mL normal saline; PCA (patient-controlled analgesia): 0.3 mg/kg bolus, 10 mg Demand dose and 20 min lock out interval, six-hour limit infusion to attain 100 mg. Maximum daily dose was set at 400 mg.

400 mg tramadol, IV 4 mg/ mL tramadol solution into 100 mL normal saline; PCA (patient-controlled analgesia): 0.3 mg/kg bolus, 10 mg Demand dose and 20 min lock out interval, six-hour limit infusion to attain 100 mg. Maximum daily dose was set at 400 mg.

Local anesthetic injection will be applied to the superior trunk of the brachial plexus accompanied by ultrasonography.

Visual Analog Scale was used for pain.Pain intensity was measured using 0-10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS). (0=no pain, 10=intolerable pain)

tramadol consumption amount with patient-controlled analgesia device

The amount of paracetamol (intravenous, 1 g) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug to be administered to patients with a Visuel analog scale above 5 after the operation.