Dynamic EchoCardiographic Optimisation REsponse Study

Dynamic EchoCardiographic Optimisation REsponse Study (Studio Sulla Risposta All'Ottimizzazione Dinamica Ecocardiografica)

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of heart rate optimization and guided A-V and V-V delay from color Doppler echocardiography, in subjects affected by heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and CRT-D device wearers who did not respond to device implantation in clinical, electrophysiological, and other terms.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patient must be 18 to 85 years of age inclusive, at the time of signing the informed consent form;
2. Heart failure with ventricular ejection fraction left <45%;
3. Presence of CRT-D devices in a non-responder patient for cardiac resynchronization
4. NYHA >II;
5. Resting heart rate <65 beats per minute;
6. Biventricular pacing >97%.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Age <18 and >85 years;
2. Insufficient functional capacity to complete the tests required by the research protocol;
3. Permanent Atrial Fibrillation