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Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men. documented risk factors of prostate cancer are age, ethnicity, various genomic mutations and family history of prostate cancer. The cellular mechanisms of malignant transformation are numerous and not completely understood. A possible mechanism is induction of an inflammation resulting in cellular atypia and pre-malignant changes in the affected tissue by inducing a pro-inflammatory response or changes in extra cellular matrix. Protein Kinase A (PKA) is a key stone enzyme in various intra-cellular processes. Various infections' inflammations and malignancies were proved to impact PKA activity. The research hypothesis is that prostate cancer tissue will show a unique profile of PKA activity, regulation and intracellular distribution.
The study will be conducted among men referred to prostate biopsy due to clinical suspicion of malignancy. 100 consecutive patients will undergo prostate biopsies. Biopsies will be taken from both lobes of the prostate (standard protocol) and additional biopsies will be taken according to MRI findings (Fusion biopsies) if relevant. One additional biopsy will be taken from each lobe of the prostate and immediately freezed in -80 Celsius degrees. Routine biopsies will be fixed in formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin and will undergo routine pathological analysis and staining.
Following pathological analysis, paraffin slides will be undergo immunohistochemically staining for PKA, comparing cancerous tissue to normal surrounding tissue. the fresh frozen tissue will undergo western blot analysis for quantitative expression of PKA and its sub units.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| prostate biopsy | Diagnostic Test | trans rectal ultrasound guided biopsies of prostate . Biopsy smaples will be referred to staining and western blot analysis. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The distribution of PKA in prostate cancer versus benign tissue | Immunohistochemical staining of paraffin sections of prostatebiopsies for PKA, western blot analysisi of tissue. | 1 year |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Men referred to prostate biopsies.
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A cohort of 100 consecutive men referred to prostate biopsy due to clinical suspicion of prosatet cancer.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011471 | Prostatic Neoplasms |
| D007249 | Inflammation |
| D011470 | Prostatic Hyperplasia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005834 | Genital Neoplasms, Male |
| D014565 | Urogenital Neoplasms |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
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| D005832 |
| Genital Diseases, Male |
| D000091662 | Genital Diseases |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D011469 | Prostatic Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |