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primary researcher is not avaible to recruit participants
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Axial spondyloarthritis is an inflammatory disease characterized by the involvement of the sacroiliac joints and the spine. Disease activity and structural changes are determined by using physical examination, imaging studies, laboratory parameters, and patient-reported indices. Among laboratory studies, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and c-reactive protein (CRP) are the most commonly utilized parameters. However, the level of ESR and CRP are inadequate in demonstrating disease activity and inflammation compared to other diseases. In this study, the investigators aimed to analyze and compare the systemic inflammatory index (SII), which is a hematologic parameter between subjects with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis, non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis, and healthy controls. Secondarily, the relationship between disease activity and enthesitis score and SII scores in patients with radiographic and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis will be investigated.
Axial spondyloarthritis is an inflammatory disease characterized by the involvement of the sacroiliac joints and the spine. Disease activity and structural changes are determined by using physical examination, imaging studies, laboratory parameters, and patient-reported indices. Among laboratory studies, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and c-reactive protein (CRP) are the most commonly utilized parameters. ESR and CRP are within the normal range in 40-50% of patients with spondyloarthritis and may remain within the normal range even during active disease. Therefore, the use of biomarkers suitable for the pathophysiology of the disease have been recommended. However, these tests are difficult to access and there is no consensus on showing disease activity. Systemic inflammatory index (SII) is a novel hematologic parameter and previous studies reported the relationship with disease activity in rheumatologic diseases, but the results are inconsistent.
This study will compare the SII between subjects with radiographic and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis with healthy subjects. Secondly, the study will investigate the relationship between SII, a new inflammation parameter, and disease activity in patients diagnosed with radiographic and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| R-ax-Spa | Radiographic axial spondyloarthritis |
| |
| nR-ax-Spa | Non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis |
| |
| Control | Healthy Controls |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systemic inflammatory index | Other | neutrophil count x platelet count/lymphocyte count |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Systemic inflammatory index | neutrophils * platelets/lymphocytes | Baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) | The overall BASDAI score ranges from 0 to 10. Lower scores indicate less disease activity. | Baseline |
| Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS)-ESR |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Radiographic and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis subjects and healthy volunteers will be invited to the study.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Bugra Ince | University of Health Sciences Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Seniz Akcay | University of Health Sciences Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Izmir Bozyaka Research and Training Hostpital | Izmir | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31313609 | Background | Song GG, Lee YH. Red cell distribution width, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and mean platelet volume in ankylosing spondylitis and their correlations with inflammation: A meta-analysis. Mod Rheumatol. 2020 Sep;30(5):894-899. doi: 10.1080/14397595.2019.1645373. Epub 2019 Aug 1. | |
| 27258203 | Background | Sezgin M, Tecer D, Kanik A, Kekik FS, Yesildal E, Akaslan E, Yildirim G, Sahin G. Serum RDW and MPV in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Can they show the disease activity? Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2017;65(1):1-10. doi: 10.3233/CH-162067. |
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It will be decided by the researchers.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013167 | Spondylitis, Ankylosing |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000089183 | Axial Spondyloarthritis |
| D025242 | Spondylarthropathies |
| D025241 | Spondylarthritis |
| D013166 | Spondylitis |
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| BASDAI | Other | Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index includes six questions which includes the following six parameters: fatigue, spinal pain, peripheral joint pain, attachment point inflammation, and duration and severity of morning stiffness. A total score, ranging from 0 to 10, was calculated according to the patients' responses to six questions, with a higher score indicating more severe illness. |
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| ASDAS-ESR | Other | The ASDAS-ESR is deduced using formula that is chosen by the ASAS group. ASDAS-ESR is calculated with the answers of spinal, peripheral pain, morning stiffness on BASDAI, the patient global assessment, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/h). |
|
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| ASDAS-CRP | Other | The ASDAS-CRP is deduced using formula that is chosen by the ASAS group. ASDAS-CRP is calculated with the answers of spinal, peripheral pain, morning stiffness on BASDAI, the patient global assessment, and erythrocyte C-reactive protein (mg/dl). |
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| MASES | Other | It is used to evaluate the sensitivity of enthesis points by palpation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Scoring is done by giving 1 point for sensitive areas and 0 points if there is no sensitivity on the fifth lumbar spinous process, bilateral first and seventh costochondral joints, iliac crystals, posterior and anterior iliac spines, attachment sites of achilles tendon to the calcaneus. |
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<1.3 between "inactive disease" and "low disease activity", <2.1 between "moderate disease activity" and "high disease activity", and >3.5 between "high disease activity" and "very high disease activity".
| Baseline |
| Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS)-CRP | <1.3 between "inactive disease" and "low disease activity", <2.1 between "moderate disease activity" and "high disease activity", and >3.5 between "high disease activity" and "very high disease activity". | Baseline |
| Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Entheses Score (MASES) | Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Entheses Score MASES ranging from 0 (0 sites with tenderness) to 13 (worst possible score; 13 sites with tenderness). Negative values indicate better outcome. | Baseline |
| 26172961 | Background | Malaviya AN, Kalyani A, Rawat R, Gogia SB. Comparison of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) from a single rheumatology clinic in New Delhi. Int J Rheum Dis. 2015 Sep;18(7):736-41. doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.12579. Epub 2015 Jul 14. |
| 32869876 | Background | Tanacan E, Dincer D, Erdogan FG, Gurler A. A cutoff value for the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in determining activity of Behcet disease. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2021 Mar;46(2):286-291. doi: 10.1111/ced.14432. Epub 2020 Oct 10. |
| 34418163 | Background | Wu J, Yan L, Chai K. Systemic immune-inflammation index is associated with disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J Clin Lab Anal. 2021 Sep;35(9):e23964. doi: 10.1002/jcla.23964. Epub 2021 Aug 21. |
| D013122 |
| Spinal Diseases |
| D001847 | Bone Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D000844 | Ankylosis |
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D001168 | Arthritis |