Comparative Effectiveness of POC-A1c vs the Current Standard Based on OGTT for Early Detection DM2 in Colombia

Comparative Effectiveness of Point-of-care Glycosylated Hemoglobin Measurement (POC-A1c) vs the Current Standard Based on Oral Glucose Tolerance Test for Early Detection of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) in Colombia

Evaluate the impact of conducting a screening questionnaire (FINDRISC) and the implementation of a point-of-care HBA1c test for those with identified risk to suffer Diabetes in ten years, to improve the proportion of patients attending for a confirmatory test ( oral glucose tolerance test ) and evaluate the impact of such a strategy to minimize type 2 diabetes outcomes.

The physician explains the study´s consistency and obtains informed consent. If the patient accepts, the FINDRISC will be checked, the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be verified and the pertinent data from the patient's medical history will be recorded in a computer.

Subsequently, subjects will be included in the study and randomized into two groups. In group A (intervention) participants will be offered information on healthy lifestyles according to their score on the FINDRISC questionnaire and subsequently a POC-A1c measurement. Participants in group B (control) will be offered the same information on healthy lifestyles according to their FINDRISC score.

Additionally, all randomized participants will be invited to undergo an oral glucose tolerance test in the CAIMED allied laboratory or in the laboratory of their choice or through their health care provider with the necessary preparation recommendations for the performance of the test. For this purpose, they will be given an order that includes the date of the screening, a follow-up number and a window of time in which they should go (i.e., 30 days and with a second attempt - maximum window at 90 days).

After 30 days from the application of the screening from the delivery of the order for the OGTT, a call will be made to the randomized subjects to check the result of the OGTT if the test was taken and request its result in case it was taken, if the test was taken, it should refer the same to the center. Otherwise, the causes of loss to follow-up will be inquired not having previously performed the recommended OGTTand a new call will be made at 90 days. In patients who, if they attended the OGTT and obtained a presumptive result of diabetes (defined as an altered oral glucose tolerance test and/or altered POC - A1C test according to American Diabetes Association guidelines), a close call will be made 30 days after the test was performed to confirm whether they initiated control of their disease. For this, it will be indicated to them that they must attend a consultation by general medicine according to what is contemplated by their benefit plan administration entity, social security administrator, giving completion to the follow-up.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult, aged greater than or equal to 18 years and less than or equal to 75 years.
• Understands, accepts and agrees to sign the informed consent form.
• FINDRISC greater than or equal to 12

Exclusion Criteria:

Previous diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus.

• Pregnancy or breastfeeding at the time of inclusion in the study (referred by the subject).
• History of cancer in the subject (must be in remission for 5 years).
• Known history of familiar hyperlipidemia.
• Chronic use of systemic corticosteroids (Defined as: a dose greater than 5 mg of oral prednisolone or its equivalent and/or consumption greater than one month of the same).
• Known history of hemophilia or other coagulation disorders.
• Known history of stage IV or V chronic kidney disease.
• Known history of HIV (on antiretroviral therapy).
• History of sickle cell disease
• Known history of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
• Known history of blood transfusion in the last 3 months
• Known history of erythropoietin therapy in the last 6 months