The present project plans to detect pregnant pulses using this portable ANS (autonomic nervous system) Watch connected to a laptop. One hundred pregnant women and 100 non-pregnant women will be recruited.

ANS(autonomic nervous system) Watch has been developed as to detect pulse waves using a pressure detector. It is used to measured cardiovascular indices, including cardiac output, and vessel stiffness. ANSWatch is developed to apply to the prediction of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pulses, such as the wiry pulse. There are 28 types of pulses in TCM. Among them, the slippery pulse is the most commonly seen pulse in pregnant women. The present project plans to detect pregnant pulses using this portable ANSWatch connected to a laptop. One hundred pregnant women and 100 non-pregnant women will be recruited. After taking the indices of the subjects, a neural network is designed to provide the prediction for pregnancy constitution, pregnancy pulse and slippery pulse in pregnant women.

Inclusion Criteria:

• nonpregnant females and singleton pregnant females aged 20 - 45 years;
• no estrogen, progesterone, or ovulation inducing medications were in the past six months

Exclusion Criteria:

• active heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease, or thyroid disease;
• any chronic disease which needs medication
• smoking, drug abuse, or alcohol abuse;
• psychiatric disorders or impaired cognitive function;
• taking Chinese medicine or western medicine in three months;
• Acute conditions currently, such as gastroenteritis, upper airway infection, acute attach of asthma, etc.

Females aged 20-45 years with a pregnant condition or a non-pregnant condition.

There is no plans to make individual participant data (IPD) available to other researchers.