Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change on the Control Word Association Test. Metric: Total Number of Correct Items Generated for three different letters. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 200 (maximum). Larger numbers indicate better performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention). n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change on Category Fluency. Metric: Total Number of Correct Items Generated for Animal. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 100 (maximum). Larger numbers indicate better performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention). n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change on The Boston Naming Test - 30 items. Metric: Total Number of Correct Items Generated. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 30 (maximum). Larger numbers indicate better performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change in Semantic Object Retrieval Test. Metric: Total Number of Correct Retrievals. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 32 (maximum). Larger numbers indicate better performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change on the Delis Kaplan Color Word Interference Test. Metric: Time - seconds to Name Items. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 150 (maximum). Longer time indicates worse performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change on the Delis Kaplan Color Word Interference Test. Metric: Time - seconds to Name Items. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 150 (maximum). Longer time indicates worse performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change on the Trail Making Test (Parts A&B). Metric: Time to Solution. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 300 (maximum). Longer time indicates worse performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change on the Trail Making Test (Parts A&B). Metric: Time to Solution. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 300 (maximum). Longer time indicates worse performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change in Digit Span Forward. Metric: Memory Span, a composite score of how many numbers are repeated correctly in a forward order. Z = 0 is the normed average, with positive Z values better and negative Z values worse than the normed average.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change in Digit Span Backward. Metric: Memory Span, a composite score of how many numbers are repeated correctly in a backward order. Z = 0 is the normed average, with positive Z values better and negative Z values worse than the normed average.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change on the Delis Kaplan Color Word Interference Test. Metric: Time - seconds to Name Items. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 150 (maximum). Longer time indicates worse performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change on the Delis Kaplan Color Word Interference Test. Metric: Time - seconds to Name Items. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 240 (maximum). Longer time indicates worse performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change in Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. Metric: Number of Total learning items and Correct Recalls. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 75 (maximum). Larger numbers indicate better performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change in Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. Metric: Total Number of Delayed Recall items and Correct Recalls. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 15 (maximum). Larger numbers indicate better performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change in Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test scores. Metric: Score. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 36 (maximum). This is a summed score of the number and accuracy of complex figure features captured. Larger numbers indicate better performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.

Evaluation of treatment differences (active versus sham) in change on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. Metric: Number of Items. Total Range 0 (minimum) - 135 (maximum). Larger numbers indicate better performance.

n=3 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 1 (Baseline, Immediately post phase 1 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 1 intervention), and only n=2 assigned to Active to Sham arm completed phase 2 (Immediately post phase 2 intervention, 8 weeks after post phase 2 intervention).

n=2 assigned to Sham to Active completed both phases 1 &2, except for one subject in the Sham to Active group missed data at the immediate post time point for phase 2.