Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
The aim of this study is to compare the effects of schroth method and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques on pain, mobility, and quality of life in patients with idiopathic scoliosis.
Scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity that causes the spine to curve sideways. The most common type of scoliosis is "idiopathic," which means the exact cause is unknown. It accounts for approximately 85% of cases. The prevalence rate of 2-5% with a Cobb angle greater than 10 degrees. All previous studies in which schroth method with other different techniques has been performed have shown greater improvement in the management of scoliosis. However, there is no clinical significance work on the Comparative effect of the schroth method and PNF. Previous literature showed no significant improvement in mobility and quality of life. This study aims to find evidence of clinical significance work on effects of Schroth method and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique on pain, mobility, and quality of life in patients with idiopathic scoliosis in both gender
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schroth exercises | Experimental | Mobilization in the spine between ribs will be performed to increase the mobility of joints. To strengthen the muscles such as erector spinae, iliopsoas, and the quadratus lumborum, muscle activation will be done. Then the four exercises of the Schroth method which are the "50 x Swiss ball" exercise, Prone exercise, Sail exercise, and the Muscle-cylinder exercise will be performed. This will be followed by hot pack and static stretching of muscles. |
|
| PNF technique | Experimental | This technique involves the specific program and pattern of PNF that are deep breathing, pelvic posterior tilting, DI flexion & Extension of UL and D2 flexion, and extension of LL. + Hot pack + static stretching of the involved muscles. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Schroth exercises | Other | 9 participants will perform Schroth exercises with 2 mint rest between each exercise. + Hot pack (10 mint) +static stretching of the involved muscles with 10 to 30-sec hold and 2 to 4 repetitions as a standard treatment. A total of 45 min sessions three times a week on alternate days for three weeks will be provided. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| NPRS for pain | The Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) is a subjective measure in which individuals rate their pain on an eleven-point numerical scale. The scale is composed of 0 (no pain at all) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). | 3rd week |
| Goniometer for range of motion | It will be used to measure flexion, extension, and lateral flexion of the spine. | 3rd week |
| SRS-22 questionnaire for quality of life | It includes five domains: self-image, function, pain, mental health (five questions each), and satisfaction with treatment (two questions) to assess the quality of life with scoliosis. | 3rd week |
Not provided
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imran Amjad, PhD | Contact | 03324390125 | imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Muhammad Salman Bashir, PhD | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GOVT EYE-CUM general hospital (THQ), Gojra | Gojra | Punjab Province | 56000 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29435499 | Background | Negrini S, Donzelli S, Aulisa AG, Czaprowski D, Schreiber S, de Mauroy JC, Diers H, Grivas TB, Knott P, Kotwicki T, Lebel A, Marti C, Maruyama T, O'Brien J, Price N, Parent E, Rigo M, Romano M, Stikeleather L, Wynne J, Zaina F. 2016 SOSORT guidelines: orthopaedic and rehabilitation treatment of idiopathic scoliosis during growth. Scoliosis Spinal Disord. 2018 Jan 10;13:3. doi: 10.1186/s13013-017-0145-8. eCollection 2018. | |
| 27821972 |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
|
| PNF technique | Other | 9 participants will perform PNF techniques followed by a hot pack for 10 minutes and static stretching of the involved muscles with 10 to 30-sec hold and 2 to 4 repetitions as a standard treatment. A total of 45 min sessions three times a week on alternate days for three weeks will be given. |
|
| Background |
| Lee HJ, Seong HD, Bae YH, Jang HY, Chae SH, Kim KH, Lee SM. Effect of the Schroth method of emphasis of active holding on Cobb's angle in patients with scoliosis: a case report. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Oct;28(10):2975-2978. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.2975. Epub 2016 Oct 28. |
| 28905003 | Background | Stepien A, Fabian K, Graff K, Podgurniak M, Wit A. An immediate effect of PNF specific mobilization on the angle of trunk rotation and the Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle range of motion in adolescent girls with double idiopathic scoliosis-a pilot study. Scoliosis Spinal Disord. 2017 Sep 6;12:29. doi: 10.1186/s13013-017-0132-0. eCollection 2017. |
| Background | BECKERS DB. PNF in practice: an illustrated guide: SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN AN; 2020. |
| 34982433 | Background | Mohamed RA, Yousef AM. Impact of Schroth three-dimensional vs. proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a randomized controlled study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021 Dec;25(24):7717-7725. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202112_27618. |
| 33857180 | Background | Kocaman H, Bek N, Kaya MH, Buyukturan B, Yetis M, Buyukturan O. The effectiveness of two different exercise approaches in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A single-blind, randomized-controlled trial. PLoS One. 2021 Apr 15;16(4):e0249492. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249492. eCollection 2021. |
| 31206094 | Background | Burger M, Coetzee W, du Plessis LZ, Geldenhuys L, Joubert F, Myburgh E, van Rooyen C, Vermeulen N. The effectiveness of Schroth exercises in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. S Afr J Physiother. 2019 Jun 3;75(1):904. doi: 10.4102/sajp.v75i1.904. eCollection 2019. |
| Background | Lee H-J, Lee S-M. Effects of Schroth exercise therapy on curvature and body appearance of patients with lumbar idiopathic scoliosis. Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science. 2020;9(4):230-7. |
| 32675606 | Background | Liu D, Yang Y, Yu X, Yang J, Xuan X, Yang J, Huang Z. Effects of Specific Exercise Therapy on Adolescent Patients With Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Prospective Controlled Cohort Study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2020 Aug 1;45(15):1039-1046. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000003451. |
| 25780260 | Background | Kuru T, Yeldan I, Dereli EE, Ozdincler AR, Dikici F, Colak I. The efficacy of three-dimensional Schroth exercises in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a randomised controlled clinical trial. Clin Rehabil. 2016 Feb;30(2):181-90. doi: 10.1177/0269215515575745. Epub 2015 Mar 16. |
| 28119879 | Background | Lee BK. Influence of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise programs on idiopathic scoliosis patient in the early 20s in terms of curves and balancing abilities: single case study. J Exerc Rehabil. 2016 Dec 31;12(6):567-574. doi: 10.12965/jer.1632796.398. eCollection 2016 Dec. |