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Many believe that it is unsafe to swim immediately after having a meal and that it is preferable to wait at least 30 minutes. The fear is that swimming can cause stomach cramps and muscle cramps with discomfort and potentially drowning.
With this randomized controlled trial, the aim was to investigate whether there was any hold in this belief and what could potentially happen by swimming with the stomach full immediately after a meal.
All volunteers will be adults. Participants will receive both oral and written information about the trial prior to giving consent for participation.
Participants will act as their own control over two days. On the first day, participants will be randomized to either swim immediately after they have eaten their usual lunch or 30 minutes after the last bite. They will do the opposite on the second day. The randomization will be done by throwing a dice.
Prior to swimming, participants will fill out the following:
After swimming, participants will fill out the following:
Prior to swimming and afterwards, the participants' blood pressure, pulse, and blood oxygen levels will be measured.
Sample size: Convenience sample.
Withdrawal and dropout criteria: All participants will be informed that they can withdraw their consent at any point during the trial without having to explain any reasons.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Swimming immediately after eating | Experimental | Two arms but all participants are performing both the intervention and the comparison. |
|
| Swimming 30 minutes after eating | No Intervention | Two arms but all participants are performing both the intervention and the comparison. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swimming immediately after eating | Other | After having the last bite of lunch, the participants will swim in the pool with a specific distance. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Occurrence of mortality | Any adverse events leading to death | During swimming |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Swimming time | Measured by seconds | During swimming |
| Discomfort | Self-reported assessment of discomfort on a visual analogue scale. Minimum: 0. To Maximum: 100mm. Ranging from no discomfort to the worse imaginable discomfort. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Center for Perioperative Optimisation, Department of Surgery, Herlev og Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen | Herlev | 2730 | Denmark |
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Each participant will on the first day of the trial be randomized either to swim in a pool immediately after lunch or to wait 30 minutes before swimming. The participants will do the opposite on the second day of the trial. The randomization will be done by throwing a dice.
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| During the actual swimming and immediately after swimming is completed |
| Mood changes | Measured by the Profile of mood states. A five-point scale indicating the level of affection. Minimum: 1. To Maximum: 5. | Baseline and immediately after swimming |
| Number of patients with any adverse events | Any adverse events other than already mentioned outcomes | During and immediately after swimming is completed |