The total TBS time is about 1 to 3 minutes and the subjects have to look at at a visual stimulus on a computer monitor while receiving TBS and continue the visual training until 20 minutes after the treatment. In iTBS group, the subjects look at the visual stimulus with amblyopic eye while in cTBS group, subjects look at visual stimulus with non-amblyopic eye. The subjects will receive three times of stimulations in one week. The visual function evaluation includes BCVA, contrast sensitivity and stereoacuity. Visual functions will be evaluated right after TBS session (t1). Participant will receive same type of treatment for another 2 times within one week followed by visual function tests (t2). To evaluate the long-term effect, participants will be followed for another visual function tests (t3) after 2 weeks.

The total TBS time is about 1 to 3 minutes and the subjects have to look at at a visual stimulus on a computer monitor while receiving TBS and continue the visual training until 20 minutes after the treatment. In iTBS group, the subjects look at the visual stimulus with amblyopic eye while in cTBS group, subjects look at visual stimulus with non-amblyopic eye. The subjects will receive three times of stimulations in one week. The visual function evaluation includes BCVA, contrast sensitivity and stereoacuity. Visual functions will be evaluated right after TBS session (t1). Participant will receive same type of treatment for another 2 times within one week followed by visual function tests (t2). To evaluate the long-term effect, participants will be followed for another visual function tests (t3) after 2 weeks.

The stimulus intensity in sham group is about half of that in iTBS/cTBS groups, and the subjects receive a placebo stimulation with the coil orientation tilted to 90°. The visual function evaluation includes BCVA, contrast sensitivity and stereoacuity. Visual functions will be evaluated right after TBS session (t1). Participant will receive same type of treatment for another 2 times within one week followed by visual function tests (t2). To evaluate the long-term effect, participants will be followed for another visual function tests (t3) after 2 weeks.

The procedure includes determining the specific occipital point at which place the stimulation coil; this corresponds to the area where magnetic stimulation is most capable of inducing phosphenes or transient visual phenomena. The phosphenes are directly induced by stimulation of the visual cortex and their presence indicates that the magnetic stimulation is in the correct location. The subjects would wear a personalized swimming cap with the determined area for stimulation marked on it. The major differences between iTBS and cTBS are the frequency and interval of stimulus.

Change from baseline best corrected visual acuity: distance visual acuity measured for each eye at a distance of 6 m. Visual acuity scored letter-by-letter instead and lonarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) scores were recored.