Magnetocardiography in the Accurate Identification of Severe Coronary Lesions and Myocardial Necrosis

Ultra-sensitive Magnetocardiography in the Accurate Identification of Severe Coronary Lesions and Myocardial Necrosis

Magnetocardiography (MCG) is a promising noninvasive and accurate method for detecting myocardial ischemia. Although progress has been made in this area, there is a lack of studies using up-to-date examination instruments for the calibration of MCG analysis. This is a prospective single-center study aiming to build accurate analytical models of MCG to detect coronary lesions and myocardial necrosis. Coronary lesions are measured by coronary angiography (CAG) or coronary CTA, and are defined by both the stenosis degree and the computer-simulated fraction flow reserve. Myocardial necrosis is examined and quantified by cardiac MR. Healthy volunteers, chest pain patients who will receive CAG or CTA examination, and patients with acute myocardial infarction will be enrolled in this study.

For healthy volunteers:

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 18-79 years old;
2. No history of cardiovascular disease (coronary heart disease, structural heart disease, arrhythmia, heart failure, stroke, pulmonary embolism, aortic dissection, etc.), no cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia). For people over 65 years old, those with hypertension or hyperlipidemia, but with well-controlled blood pressure and lipid levels, taking no more than 2 drugs, and echocardiography showing no left ventricular hypertrophy, can be included;
3. The electrocardiogram is normal, and the cardiac ultrasound is basically normal in the past 1 year (mild valvular regurgitation can be included).
4. Sign the informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Those who with acute or chronic respiratory diseases;
2. Those who with obvious abnormality of liver or kidney function;
3. Those who with endocrine diseases such as abnormal thyroid function;
4. Those who with anemia or other blood diseases;
5. Those who with connective tissue diseases (lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis, polyarteritis nodosa, etc.);
6. Those who are obese (BMI>30kg/cm2) or underweight (BMI<18kg/cm2);
7. Those who with malignant tumors;
8. Those who with infectious diseases or infectious diseases;
9. Those who with trauma or physical disability;
10. Those who with psychological or mental illness such as depression;
11. Those who are professional athletes, pregnant or breastfeeding women, alcoholics;
12. Those who are unable to perform magnetocardiography examination due to claustrophobia, etc., or those who fail to receive magnetocardiography examination;
13. Due to various reasons such as allergy to contrast agents, metal implants in vivo that are prohibited from performing 1.5T MRI (such as prostheses or steel plates implanted in orthopaedics, uterine contraceptive device) and other reasons, those who cannot or fail to cooperate with the corresponding research requirements.

For chest pain patients who will undergo CAG or CTA:

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 18-79 years old;
2. Those with chest pain symptoms, diagnosed or highly suspected by the attending doctor or above as stable angina pectoris (SA), unstable angina pectoris (UA), non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and plan to receive CAG or coronary CTA;
3. Sign the informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with known structural heart disease such as cardiomyopathy and valvular disease;
2. Patients with arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia, and atrioventricular block that have not returned to normal;
3. History of other cardiovascular diseases such as pulmonary embolism and aortic dissection;
4. Patients with connective tissue diseases (lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis, polyarteritis nodosa, etc.) combined with cardiac complications;
5. Obvious abnormal thyroid function, severe anemia or other blood diseases and other diseases that obviously affect the circulating blood supply;
6. Obese (BMI>30kg/cm2) or underweight (BMI<18kg/cm2);
7. Patients with malignant tumors;
8. Professional athletes, pregnant or breastfeeding women, alcoholics;
9. Acute diseases or critical illnesses in other systems, such as acute or severe respiratory diseases, abnormal liver function or renal function, etc.;
10. Patients with infectious diseases or infectious diseases;
11. Those who are unable or fail to perform magnetocardiography due to claustrophobia, physical impairment, etc.;
12. Unable to or fail to cooperate with the corresponding research requirements.

For AMI patients:

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 18-79 years old;
2. The attending doctor or above has diagnosed the patient as acute myocardial infarction (NSTEMI, STEMI), the condition of whom is relatively stable, and CMR examination is feasible after evaluation.
3. Sign the informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with known structural heart disease such as cardiomyopathy and valvular disease;
2. Patients with arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia, and atrioventricular block that have not returned to normal;
3. History of other cardiovascular diseases such as pulmonary embolism and aortic dissection;
4. Patients with connective tissue diseases (lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis, polyarteritis nodosa, etc.) combined with cardiac complications;
5. Obvious abnormal thyroid function, severe anemia or other blood diseases and other diseases that obviously affect the circulating blood supply;
6. Obese (BMI>30kg/cm2) or underweight (BMI<18kg/cm2);
7. Patients with malignant tumors;
8. Professional athletes, pregnant or breastfeeding women, alcoholics;
9. Acute diseases or critical illnesses in other systems, such as acute or severe respiratory diseases, abnormal liver function or renal function, etc.;
10. Patients with infectious diseases or infectious diseases;
11. Those who are unable or fail to perform magnetocardiography due to claustrophobia, physical impairment, etc.;
12. Due to various reasons such as allergy to contrast agents, metal implants in vivo that are prohibited from performing 1.5T MRI (such as prostheses or steel plates implanted in orthopaedics, uterine contraceptive device) and other reasons, those who cannot or fail to cooperate with the corresponding research requirements.