rapid swallow (MRS) can assess the contractile reserve capacity of the oesophageal body and identify and diagnose oesophageal motility disorders, but the impact of preoperative oesophageal reserve capacity on postoperative symptoms and motility in patients with GERD remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of pre-operative oesophageal reserve capacity on post-reflux symptoms and motility in patients with GERD by using a high-resolution oesophageal manometry-based provocation test, MRS, to track pre-operative ineffective oesophageal motility (IEM).

Lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation is an important cause of GERD and ineffective oesophageal motility may be associated with GERD, but the mechanism of oesophageal corporal motility disorders is unclear. High-resolution manometry (HRM) has shown to be more accurate than conventional manometry in assessing oesophageal motility, and can provide guidance for GERD surgery. The aim was to conduct a cohort study to investigate the yu'h of patients with preoperative esophageal motility disorders with or without esophageal reserve, based on the assessment of esophageal motility by high-resolution esophageal manometry to follow up changes in esophageal motility and symptoms in patients after anti-reflux surgery.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age over 18 years old
• Patients to be treated surgically for gastroesophageal reflux disease
• Ineffective esophageal motility diagnosed by high resolution esophageal manometry according to Chicago Classification version 4.0
• Obtaining Informed Consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Previous other upper gastrointestinal surgery
• Pregnant women and other people with contraindications to surgery and tests
• Other specifically defined esophageal motility disorders, such as nutcracker esophagus

Patients to be treated surgically for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Ineffective esophageal motility diagnosed by high resolution esophageal according to Chicago Classification version 4.0(defined as ≥ 70% of swallows with weak contraction (distal contraction interval (DCI) between 100mmHg/s/cm and less than 450 mmHg/s/cm) or ≥ 50% of swallows with failed peristalsis Performance.