Comparison of PENG Block and Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block in the Postoperative Pain Control of Hip Capsular Fracture

Comparison of PENG Block and Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block in the Postoperative Pain Control of Hip Capsular Fracture

A prospective cohort study comparing PENG block versus iliac fascia block with the aim of evaluating its effectiveness in the peri-surgical analgesia of intracapsular femoral fracture.

Hip fractures are a very common clinical situation in elderly patients and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In addition, they have a great social and economic impact that in most cases requires definitive surgical treatment.

Although it is a very common procedure, in proximal femur surgery there is great variability with respect to anesthetic procedures and their subsequent management. Subarachnoid anesthesia is the most commonly used for this type of surgery. During the last few years, different locoregional techniques have been described with the aim of improving perioperative analgesia in these patients. Some examples are the iliac fascia block, the 3-in-1 block or the femoral nerve block, which allow a lower consumption of opioids and reduce some adverse effects such as postoperative delirium.

The PENG (Pericapsular Nerve Group) block is a block recently described for pain management in proximal femoral surgery. It is a pure sensory block that was initially described as an analgesic technique for the treatment of acute pain after femoral fracture but has expanded its uses. Its target corresponds precisely to the described innervation of the anterior femoral capsule.

Regarding the other locoregional techniques mentioned above, these consist of non-selective blocks of the femoral, lateral femoral cutaneous and obturator nerves. Therefore, although the iliac fascia block is accepted for analgesic control of hip fracture, the PENG block is likely to be more effective because of its high selectivity.

For this reason, the investigators have decided to conduct a prospective cohort study comparing PENG block versus iliac fascia block with the aim of evaluating its effectiveness in the peri-surgical analgesia of intracapsular femoral fracture.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with subcapital, basicervical or transcervical femoral fracture in whom definitive surgical treatment is decided.
• Patients who are candidates for nerve block plus intradural anesthesia.
• Patients who agree to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with dementia or cognitive impairment (EVN not evaluable)
• Polytraumatized patient
• Patient's refusal to participate in the study
• Patient's refusal to undergo intradural anesthesia or the blockade
• Patient with sensory or motor deficits prior to surgery.
• Patient with anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy at the time of surgery.
• Hemodynamically unstable patient or patient who becomes unstable during surgery.
• Patient allergic to the local anesthetic.
• Patient with chronic pain in treatment
• Patient with capital femur fracture