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The advantage of slow-release opioid allows for less fluctuation in drug (pain killer) levels in the blood and an extended period within the effective range for pain relief. The slow-release opioids have been preferred over the short-acting opioids because of the longer duration of action, which lessens the frequency and severity of end-of-dose pain.
Herein, the investigators propose the use of low dose slow-release opioid formulation offers better pain control in the first 48 hours post-operatively in open abdominal urologic surgeries.
This will be a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial looking at all adult patients undergoing open abdominal urologic surgeries. After assessing the inclusion/exclusion criteria, the patients will be randomized into one of two groups:
Group 1: Sustained-release (long-acting) opioid on a regular basis for 2 days with immediate-release (short-acting) opioid available on an 'as required' basis
Group 2: Immediate-release (short-acting) opioid on an 'as required' basis only.
All patients will have a general anesthetic at the discretion of the anesthesiologist in the operating room and intravenous opioid will be administered in accordance with the anesthesiologists' discretion.
Pain score and analgesic consumption are the outcome measures.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sustained-release opioid | Experimental | 3mg of sustained-release hydromorphone three times a day |
|
| Short-acting opioid | Active Comparator | 1-4 mg of short-acting hydromorphone 2-4 times a day as needed |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hydromorphone | Drug | Sustained-release hydromorphone is a long-acting preparation opioid |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Mobilization | Ability to walk from bed to chair | Time to mobilize postoperatively up to 5 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Opioid consumption of hydromorphone | Consumption of hydromorphone | Postoperatively in recovery, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours postoperatively |
| Pain score | Pain score using visual analogue scale 0-100 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Alberta Hospital | Edmonton | Alberta | T6G 2G3 | Canada |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059787 | Acute Pain |
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004091 | Hydromorphone |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009022 | Morphine Derivatives |
| D009019 | Morphinans |
| D053610 | Opiate Alkaloids |
| D000470 | Alkaloids |
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| postoperatively day 1, 2, 3 |
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D006571 |
| Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D006572 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Bridged-Ring |
| D006576 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D010616 | Phenanthrenes |
| D011084 | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |