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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Roswell Park Cancer Institute | OTHER |
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This study will investigate the effect of four tax proposals (i.e. Tobacco Parity, Nicotine-Content, Harm-Reduction, and Modified Risk Tobacco Product-related taxes) on tobacco product purchasing patterns.
This study experimentally examines the effects of largely untried integrated tax proposals. Four tax proposals will be modeled: Tobacco Parity, Nicotine-Content, Harm-Reduction, and MRTP. Tobacco products are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax, according to the goals of each proposal. In a within-subjects design, cigarette smokers will complete two control (market price) trials and four conditions in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace, representing each of the four tax proposals. Within each condition, taxes will be increased proportionally across 5 trials (relative to tax tier) to examine how cigarette purchasing, substitution, and poly-tobacco purchasing (i.e., diversity in products purchased) are affected.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cigarette smokers - Sequence 1 | Experimental | Exclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to two control trials and each of the four tax policy conditions in this sequence: Tobacco Parity, Modified Risk Tobacco Products, Harm Reduction, Nicotine Content. |
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| Cigarette smokers - Sequence 2 | Experimental | Exclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to two control trials and the four tax policy conditions in this sequence: Nicotine Content, Tobacco Parity, Modified Risk Tobacco Products, Harm Reduction. |
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| Cigarette smokers - Sequence 3 | Experimental | Exclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to two control trials and each of the the four tax policy conditions in this sequence: Modified Risk Tobacco Products, Harm Reduction, Nicotine Content, Tobacco Parity. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Market Price Condition (control) | Behavioral | Nicotine/tobacco products available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace at market price. Cigarette taxes increased across trials at the same magnitudes used in the tax conditions. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Quantity of Tobacco Products Purchased in the High-Tax Tier - Product demand (intensity and elasticity) | Purchasing of high-tax tier products in the ETM conditions will be fit to a commonly used exponential demand model that quantifies the relationship between the multiplicative tax factor (e.g., 2 times base tax rate) and purchasing of high-tax tier products. This demand analysis (which assumes a negative association between price and purchasing) will be used in the high-tax tier products because participants will be conventional cigarette smokers and these products (when available) will always be in that tier. As such, we expect participants to defend their purchase of cigarettes in the high-tax tier under a variety of conditions. Demand estimates will be obtained for each participant in each tax proposal. | 1 day |
| Quantity of Tobacco Products Purchased in the Medium- and No-tax tiers - Product substitution (intensity and slope) | Purchasing of medium- and no-tax products in the ETM conditions will be fit to ordinary least squares regression for each tax tier. This yields slope measures of each tax tier's product purchasing, wherein more positive slopes indicate greater substitution (i.e., greater increases in purchasing of substitutes as tax magnitudes increase). Ordinary least squares regression is used here to model purchasing in the medium- and no-tax tier because it is capable of measuring positive slopes, indicative of substitution, and distinguishing these tiers from those that do not show substitution. In the event this relationship is non-linear, we will consider other relevant models. | 1 day |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jeff S Stein, Ph.D. | Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC | Principal Investigator |
| Christine E Sheffer, Ph.D. | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center | Buffalo | New York | 14263 | United States | ||
| Fralin Biomedical Research Institute |
The study team will share de-identified data upon request.
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| Type | Date | Date Unknown |
|---|---|---|
| Release | Jun 3, 2026 | |
| Reset | Jun 29, 2026 |
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Participants will each complete two control trials and four Experimental Marketplace conditions, representing each of the four tax proposals. The order of tax proposal conditions will be determined randomly. Within each condition, taxes will be increased proportionally across 5 trials to examine how cigarette purchasing, substitution, and poly-tobacco purchasing (i.e., diversity in products purchased) are affected.
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| Cigarette smokers - Sequence 4 |
| Experimental |
Exclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to two control trials and each of the the four tax policy conditions in this sequence: Harm Reduction, Nicotine Content, Tobacco Parity, Modified Risk Tobacco Products. |
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| Tobacco Parity Tax Condition | Behavioral | Tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier while products that do not contain tobacco (e.g., herbal cigarettes and nicotine-free ENDS) are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. |
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| Nicotine-Content Tax Condition | Behavioral | Tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, products with greater than 3 mg nicotine per single unit are placed in the high-tax tier, products with 0.6-3.0 mg/unit in the medium-tax tier, and those with 0.5 mg/unit or less in the no-tax tier. |
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| Harm-Reduction Tax Condition | Behavioral | Tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all combustible products with high abuse liability are placed in the high-tax tier. All non-combustible products or combustible products with low abuse liability are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. |
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| Modified Risk Tobacco Product (MRTP) Tax Condition | Behavioral | Tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all non-MRTP tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier, MRTPs are placed in the medium-tax tier, and Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. |
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| Roanoke |
| Virginia |
| 24016 |
| United States |
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| Release Date | Unrelease Date | Unrelease Date Unknown | Reset Date | MCP Release Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 3, 2026 | Jun 29, 2026 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000073865 | Cigarette Smoking |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000073869 | Tobacco Smoking |
| D012907 | Smoking |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D064424 | Tobacco Use |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C016558 | metariboadenosine triphosphorous |
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