Studies have demonstrated that the rate of change in stroke volume variation (SVV) can be used to determine the volume of body fluids during major abdominal surgery. Anaesthesiologists can use SVV as a guide for the appropriate administration of intraoperative fluids to improve postoperative prognoses. Liver surgery is a major abdominal operation, and the amount of blood lost is typically higher than that during other general abdominal surgeries. Blood loss is positively correlated with the intraoperative fluid infusion volume, and greater blood loss is associated with more postoperative complications. Additionally, comorbid liver disease or cirrhosis can increase the complexity of liver tumour resection, causing difficulty in assessing intravascular volume and determining the appropriate intraoperative infusion volume.

Inclusion Criteria:

• We initially selected 118 patients who required hepatectomy.
• The physiological status of the patients was assessed in terms of American Society of Anesthesiologists scores I-III

Exclusion Criteria:

• Extreme body mass index (BMI)
• Age under 20 or over 75 years
• Emergency surgery
• Preexisting cardiac, hepatic, renal, or coagulation disorder; hyperthyroidism; and sinus arrhythmia.