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Determining the predictors that are effective on work performance and preventive approaches to be developed for these predictors must be individual and adaptable to every environment, time, and equipment. In this context, the purpose of the present study was to show the relations between neck disability, Upper Trapezius (UT) muscle activation, posture, and demographic characteristics with typing task performance in office employees who have neck pain by using their equipment in their workplaces.
The present study was conducted to show the relations between neck disability, UT muscle activation, posture, and demographic characteristics with typing task performance in office employees who have neck pain by using their equipment in their workplaces. We hypothesized that UT muscle activation, working posture, and age might be the main predictors of typing performance in office employees with neck pain. For this purpose, full-time office employees who use computers for at least 3 hours a day and have neck pain were invited to the study. Volunteers without any health concern, upper-body injury, and surgery provided informed, written consent to participate in the study.
The participants were given a 10-minute typing task in their working environments, during which right and left UT muscle activation was recorded with Surface Electromyography (sEMG). Work posture was evaluated with Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and Forward Head Posture (FHP) was evaluated with Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) Device. Hierarchical Regression Analysis was conducted to examine the predictors of typing performance.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Office Employees Group | Office Employees with neck pain |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| There will be no interventions. | Other | Measurements and performance tests were conducted to investigate predictors of work-related performance |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Neck Disability Index (NDI) | The NDI is a self-reported scale consists of pain intensity, personal care, lifting, reading, headache, concentration, work, driving, sleeping and leisure time activities sections. The total score varies between 0-50 and the increase in total score indicates the increase in the severity of the neck disability: "0-4 no disability, 5-14 mild disability, 15-24 moderate disability, 25-34 severe disability, and ≥35 complete disability". | 10 minutes |
| Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction (MVIC) | It is measured by Surface Electromyography (sEMG) for upper trapezius muscle. 3 maximum contractions were performed for 6 seconds at the manual muscle testing position. The maximum value among 3 repeats was recorded as Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction (MVIC) (mV). | 10 minutes |
| Muscle Activation of Upper Trapezius | It is the measurement of the Electromyographic activity of trapezius muscles during typing task. According to The Surface ElectroMyoGraphy for the Non-Invasive Assessment of Muscles Project (SENIAM) recommendations for sensors and sensor placement procedures, sEMG was applied for the upper trapezius muscles while performing the computer task in workplace. The mean values (mV) obtained were normalized according to MVIC. Normalized data (%MVIC) was used in the statistical analysis. | 30 minutes |
| Forward Head Posture | The CROM Deluxe is an assessment instrument that lets to measure sagittal, frontal and horizontal plane movements (flexion / extension, lateral flexion, rotation and forward head posture), while resting and also performing a task or work posture. | 10 minutes |
| Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) | The RULA Assessment Tool is used to evaluate the ergonomic risk factors associated with neck, trunk, and upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). The RULA considers biomechanical and postural load requirements of job demands. Scores between 1-7 are classified from "acceptable posture" (no action required) to "very high risk" (implement change now). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | Body mass index (BMI) is a measurement derived from body mass and body height to evaluate body fat. The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height and is expressed in units of kg/m² (kilogram / square meter). According to the BMI value, it is categorized as underweight (<18.5), normal weight (18.5-24.9), overweight (25-29.9), and Obesity (30 or greater). |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Office workers with neck pain, the sample of the study, were selected from among the people living in Istanbul with the invitation to volunteer.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Arzu Keskin Aktan, PhD | Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University | Principal Investigator |
| Nilufer Keskin Dilbay, MSc | Marmara University | Principal Investigator |
| Zafer Erden, PhD, Prof | Hacettepe University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University | Afyonkarahisar | 03030 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
There is no plan to make IPD available.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019547 | Neck Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| 10 minutes |
| 1 minutes |