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SARS-COV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome- corona virus - 2) infection reframed medical knowledge in many aspects, yet there is still a lot to be discovered. Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) can cause neuropsychiatric, psychological and psychosocial impairments. Literature regarding cognitive impact of COVID-19 is still limited.
Objective: evaluation of cognitive function, anxiety and depression among patients with Coronavirus disease 19.
COVID-19 results in a variety of symptoms with multi-organ affection, including fever, cough; grave respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal manifestations and fatigue. As more is learned, neurological and psychological symptoms appear to manifest in a large subscale of patients. Headache, dizziness and even a cerebrovascular event have been reported. Anosmia and ageusia reported as early indicators of SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting that early neurological involvement may be relevant.
Public health emergencies as COVID-19 are likely to cause adverse neuropsychiatric impacts. Cognitive impairments after SARS-COV-2 infection were noticed, COVID-19 patients complain of poor concentration, declined memory, and insomnia, as well as anxiety and depression symptoms.
The battle against COVID-19 is still continuing worldwide. People's adherence to confinement regulations and response to vaccination campaigns is essential, which is largely affected by their knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19. Home isolation and social distancing are also associated with fear, frustrations, uncertainty, anxiety and depressive symptoms.
During the acute phase of COVID-19 infection, about 36% of cases develop neurological symptoms of which 25% can be attributed to the direct involvement of the central nervous system. Patients who show neurological symptoms included cases with or without pre-existing neurological disorders. While on intensive care units, patients showed agitation, confusion, and corticospinal tract signs such as enhanced tendon reflexes and clonus. COVID-19 can further lead to changes of coagulation and, in particular, to inflammation-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 cases | O2 saturation readings, Mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Hamilton's anxiety (HAM-A) Hamilton's depression rating scales (HAM-D) | ||
| control | O2 saturation readings, Mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Hamilton's anxiety (HAM-A) Hamilton's depression rating scales (HAM-D) |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive impairment | degree of affection in cognition due to COVID-19 infection | 1 month |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Level of Anxiety and depression among COVID-19 cases | Level of Anxiety and depression among COVID-19 cases | 1 month |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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COVID-19 patients diagnosed using Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction to confirm the diagnosis and healthy control belonging to either gender. COVID-19 patients recruited from home isolation at first visit in outpatient clinic and then after end of isolation period for 14 days, patients included from hospital isolation ward; also recruited from the respiratory isolation ICU, chest department of Assiut university hospital.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Waleed Gamal elddin, MD | Assiut university hospitals | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assiut University | Asyut | 711111 | Egypt |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33556127 | Background | Alemanno F, Houdayer E, Parma A, Spina A, Del Forno A, Scatolini A, Angelone S, Brugliera L, Tettamanti A, Beretta L, Iannaccone S. COVID-19 cognitive deficits after respiratory assistance in the subacute phase: A COVID-rehabilitation unit experience. PLoS One. 2021 Feb 8;16(2):e0246590. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246590. eCollection 2021. | |
| 33364996 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D060825 | Cognitive Dysfunction |
| D000086382 | COVID-19 |
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| D003863 | Depression |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003072 | Cognition Disorders |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D011024 | Pneumonia, Viral |
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| Germani A, Buratta L, Delvecchio E, Gizzi G, Mazzeschi C. Anxiety Severity, Perceived Risk of COVID-19 and Individual Functioning in Emerging Adults Facing the Pandemic. Front Psychol. 2020 Dec 7;11:567505. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.567505. eCollection 2020. |
| D011014 |
| Pneumonia |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D014777 | Virus Diseases |
| D018352 | Coronavirus Infections |
| D003333 | Coronaviridae Infections |
| D030341 | Nidovirales Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |