This arm is to evaluate DHM effects on the intervention of stress-induced insomnia during the pandemic. DHM granular preparation contains DHM 200 mg plus same excipients as placebo. The 244 participants were taken DHM granular preparation, which was dissolved in ~100 ml water for oral administration, once daily for 20 days.

The placebo contained excipients including extracts of celery, strawberry, oranges, rose, and beet blended in powder form of 1 g

DHM is a positive modulator of GABA. We hypothesize the DHM could reduce stress/anxiety induced insomnia during the pandemic

Changes in hours of sleep reported as the difference between self-reported hours of sleep before and after DHM or placebo.

Changes in stress levels reported as the difference between self-reported stress levels before and after DHM or placebo. Stress levels were scaled from 0 to 10, with 10 being the highest stress level.

Changes in hours spent on cellphone reported as the difference between self-reported cellphone usage before and after DHM or placebo.

Changes in negative feelings after waking up, reported as the difference between the self-reported negative feelings before and after DHM or placebo. In the survey, "feelings after waking up" included negative feelings such as tense, lack of motivation, and irritable/angry. To quantify these feelings, a 'Yes' counted as -1 point, a 'No' counted as 0 points, and a 'Not sure' counted as -0.5 points. The sum of these scores were calculated as the total negative feeling after waking up. Lower score (more negative) indicated worse feelings.