The purpose of this study is to examine whether monthly oral administration of ibandronate to postmenopausal osteoporosis patients with type 2 diabetes differs in safety and efficacy compared to patients without diabetes.

There are two major considerations in the use of bisphosphonates in diabetic patients.

• The low rate of bone turnover in diabetic patients is at risk of side effects such as excessive inhibition of bone turnover associated with the use of bisphosphonates.
• A decrease in osteocalcin following bisphosphonate use may lead to deterioration of glucose metabolism.

The efficacy of ibandronate in T2DM is not thought to be significantly different based on previous studies, but there is few study on ibandronate.

Inclusion Criteria:

• age of at least 55 years at the time of screening
• postmenopausal woman
• diagnosis of osteoporosis

Exclusion Criteria:

• history of osteoporosis treatment
• underlying disease (e.g., heart failure, liver disease, renal disease, or malignancy)
• the use of drugs that affect bone metabolism (e.g., steroids, immunosuppressants, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, aromatase inhibitors, thiazolidinedione drugs, anticonvulsants, and antidepressants)
• history of adverse effects of bisphosphonate or difficulty taking the drug due to an inability to sit or the presence of upper gastrointestinal disease

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.