Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
The purpose of this study is to find the effects of Mobilization and Muscle energy technique in patients with post-traumatic elbow stiffness.
A randomized control trial was conducted at Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi. The sample size with reference to parent article was 10 calculated through open epi tool. But 30 patients were included in the study to increase the statistical power of analysis. The participants were divided into two interventional groups i.e. Group A and Group B, each having 15 participants. The study duration was 1 year. Sampling Technique applied was non probability purposive sampling technique. Random Allocation will be through sealed envelope method into two treatment group i.e. Group A and Group B. Only 18-35 years old patients (both male and female) with Post-traumatic elbow stiffness were included in the study. Tools that were used in the study are NPRS, DASH questionnaire, TAMPA scale and Goniometer. Total duration of treatment for both groups was 3 weeks, 3 days a week. Pre and post assessment was done. Data was analyzed through SPSS version 23.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mobilization | Experimental | Mobilizations are performed with minimum 6 seconds distraction stretch followed by partial release then followed by slow intermittent stretch at 3-4 seconds intervals. Oscillations for 2 minutes at 2-3 oscillations per second. |
|
| Muscle Energy Technique | Experimental | Muscle Energy Technique is given in the form of post isometric relaxation with 5-7 sec hold for 8-10 repetitions followed by a gentle passive stretch. Only 20% resistance is offered to the isometric contraction. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mobilization | Other | Hot pack for ten minutes. Active and active-assisted exercises for the:
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Numeric pain rating scale | Changes from baseline Numeric pain rating scale is a self-administered, or analyst reported, measuring instrument comprising of a scale that shows numerical ranges usually from 0-10 or 0-100. In this scale extreme or farthest point shows having 'no pain' to having 'extreme pain'. | 3rd week |
| ROM Elbow (Flexion) | Changes from baseline range of motion( ROM) of elbow joint flexion is taken by using Goniometer. | 3rd week |
| ROM Elbow (Extension) | Changes from baseline range of motion( ROM) of elbow joint extension is taken by using Goniometer. | 3rd week |
| ROM Forearm (Supination) | Changes from baseline range of motion( ROM) of forearm supination is taken by using Goniometer. | 3rd week |
| ROM Forearm (Pronation) | Changes from baseline range of motion (ROM) of forearm pronation is taken by using Goniometer. | 3rd week |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Disability | Changes from baseline disability is measured through DASH (Disability of the arm, shoulder and hand) questionnaire. DASH questionnaire is a self reported area specific outcome measuring tool for symptoms and disabilities in upper limb. It mainly comprise of a 30-items scale which is further consist of questions related to difficulty in performing normal daily activities, scored on 5 response options. Scores for these 30 items then calculate on a scale of 0 (no disability) to 100 (most severe disability) |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Muhammad Affan Iqbal, PhD* | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benazir Bhutto Hospital | Rawalpindi | Punjab Province | 46300 | Pakistan |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000092482 | Elbow Fractures |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D050723 | Fractures, Bone |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000092464 | Elbow Injuries |
| D001134 | Arm Injuries |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016059 | Range of Motion, Articular |
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010808 | Physical Examination |
| D019937 | Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures |
| D003933 | Diagnosis |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
|
|
| Muscle Energy Technique | Other | Hot pack for ten minutes. Active and active-assisted exercises for the:
|
|
|
| 3rd week |
| kinesiophobia (fear of movement) | Changes from baseline kinesiophobia is measured through Tampa scale which is a 17 item scale. Total scores of this scale ranges from 17-68. Where 17 means no kinesiophobia and 68 means severe kinesiophobia while score of ± 37 indicates that there is kinesiophobia. | 3rd week |
| D012816 |
| Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |