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This study was carried out to determine the effect of placing the semi-recumbent position in reducing pain in patients who developed shoulder pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
HO: The application of the semi-recumbent position to patients who develop shoulder pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy has no effect on reducing pain.
H1: The application of semi-recumbent position in patients who develop shoulder pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy has an effect on reducing pain.
In addition to pharmacological interventions for the relief of postoperative complications such as pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, non-pharmacological applications; It is evaluated that it will be beneficial in increasing patient satisfaction, reducing the need for analgesic drugs, reducing the cost of hospitalization due to the side effects of drugs and increasing the quality of care. With the results of this research, it is evaluated that the effect of positioning, which is one of the independent activities of nurses who base their care on evidence-based practices, on pain will be beneficial to increase the evidence-based nursing knowledge in the literature.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Semi Recumbent | Experimental | The patients' vital signs, pain and analgesic drug use were recorded in the "Pain Follow-up Form" at the time they came to the clinic, at the 6th and 12th hours after the surgery, by recording from the end-of-operation file. In case the patient had pain, the time when the pain started was recorded, the experimental group was given the semi-recumbent position with analgesic drug and the patient was asked to maintain this position for 2 hours. If the patient has pain again, this position is given again. "Patient Satisfaction Evaluation Form" was filled in at the 12th hour after the surgery for the patients in the experimental group. |
|
| Control | No Intervention | The patients' vital signs, pain and analgesic drug use were recorded in the "Pain Follow-up Form" at the time they came to the clinic, at the 6th and 12th hours after the surgery, by recording from the end-of-operation file. In case the patient has pain, the time when the patients' pain started was recorded, and only analgesic medication was administered to the control group. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positioning the patient | Other | The patients' vital signs, pain and analgesic drug use were recorded in the "Pain Follow-up Form" at the time they came to the clinic, at the 6th and 12th hours after the surgery, by recording from the end-of-operation file. In case the patient had pain, the time when the pain started was recorded, the experimental group was given the semi-recumbent position with analgesic drug and the patient was asked to maintain this position for 2 hours. If the patient has pain again, this position is given again. "Patient Satisfaction Evaluation Form" was filled in at the 12th hour after the surgery for the patients in the experimental group. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain Severity | Pain evaluated with numerical rating scale (NRS). A numerical rating scale requires the patient to rate their pain on a defined scale. For example, 0-10 where 0 is no pain and 10 is the worst pain imaginable | arrival time at the clinic (approximately the first two hours postoperatively) |
| Pain Region | Description of pain region as
| arrival time at the clinic (approximately the first two hours postoperatively) |
| Pain Severity | Pain evaluated with numerical rating scale (NRS). A numerical rating scale requires the patient to rate their pain on a defined scale. For example, 0-10 where 0 is no pain and 10 is the worst pain imaginable | postoperative 6th hour |
| Pain Region | Description of pain region as
| postoperative 6th hour |
| Pain Severity | Pain evaluated with numerical rating scale (NRS). A numerical rating scale requires the patient to rate their pain on a defined scale. For example, 0-10 where 0 is no pain and 10 is the worst pain imaginable | postoperative 12th hour |
| Pain Region | Description of pain region as
| postoperative 12th hour |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Use Analgesia | Number of Analgesia used to reduce pain since arrival | postoperatarrival time at the clinic (approximately the first two hours postoperatively) |
| Use Analgesia | Number of Analgesia used to reduce pain between arrival time and 6th hour |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| patient's satisfaction with the given position | Used Yes or No question to evaluate if patient were satisfied with the semi-recumbent position to prevent post-operative shoulder pain and Whether they think the semi-recumbent position is beneficial. Numerical rating scale (NRS) were used to evaluate how satisfied they are with the semi-recumbent position to avoid surgery-related shoulder pain and How much discomfort they felt during their stay in the semi-recumbent position. NRS of 0 to10 were used and rated as 0 is not at all and 10 is very much |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sibel YILMAZ SAHIN, Asst. Prof. | Gulhane Faculty of Nursing, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Health Sciences | Ankara | 06010 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18448749 | Background | Phelps P, Cakmakkaya OS, Apfel CC, Radke OC. A simple clinical maneuver to reduce laparoscopy-induced shoulder pain: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2008 May;111(5):1155-60. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31816e34b4. | |
| 29290563 | Background | Pasquier EK, Andersson E. Pulmonary recruitment maneuver reduces pain after laparoscopic bariatric surgery: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018 Mar;14(3):386-392. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.11.017. Epub 2017 Nov 22. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020069 | Shoulder Pain |
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D018771 | Arthralgia |
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
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The type of this study is a quasi-experimental clinical study.
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|
| postoperative 6th hour |
| Use Analgesia | Number of Analgesia used to reduce pain between 6th hour and 12th hour | postoperative 12th hour |
| postoperative 12th hour |
| 29934129 | Background | Aydemir O, Aslan FE, Karabacak U, Akdas O. The Effect of Exaggerated Lithotomy Position on Shoulder Pain after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Pain Manag Nurs. 2018 Dec;19(6):663-670. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2018.04.012. Epub 2018 Jun 19. |
| D012816 |
| Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |