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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| NSTC 111-2314-B-341-002 - | Other Grant/Funding Number | National Science and Technology Council | |
| 2024SKHADR037 | Other Identifier | Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital |
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Frozen shoulder, adhesive capsulitis, shoulder, platelet-rich plasma, corticosteroid, injection.
This is a prospective assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial. We plan to enroll 90 participants with frozen shoulder from the outpatient clinic of the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in our hospital. The study protocol and consent form have been approved by our ethics committee. After detailed explanation about the content of this study, participant is asked to sign an informed consent. The patients will be randomly divided into three groups: 1). PRP injection (PRP group); 2). Corticosteroid injection (CS group); 3). Normal saline injection (NS group). Randomization will be assigned according to a random number from a computer program by a statistician. The patients and the evaluator are unknown which group the patients are allocated, but the physician who performs joint injection knows which group the patients are assigned.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP injection (PRP group) and physical therapy | Active Comparator | Patients in the PRP group will receive both shoulder joint (GHJ) and SASD bursa injection for 2 times in 2-week interval. PRP will be prepared by taking 10ml venous blood which is then mixed with 2ml of thrombin and centrifuged in a specially designed tube at 3400 rotations per minute (rpm) for 15 minutes. About 2ml PRP and 3ml platelet poor plasma (PPP) will be extracted, then 4ml 1% xylocaine will be added to make 9ml injectate. 6ml injectate will be injected into the posterior GHJ with a 7 cm 23-gauge needle under ultrasound (US) guidance. Another 3ml injectate will be injected into the SASD bursa of the affected shoulder with a 3.8 cm 22-gauge needle under US guidance. Physical therapy will be conducted for 8 weeks. |
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| Corticosteroid injection (CS group) and physical therapy | Active Comparator | Three ml triamcinolone (1ml= 10mg), 4ml 1% xylocain, and 2ml normal saline to make a 9ml injectate is injected into the affected shoulder (6ml to posterior GHJ and 3 ml to SASD bursa) for 2 times in 2-week interval. The techniques of injection are the same as those used in the PRP injection. Physical therapy will be conducted for 8 weeks. |
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| Normal saline injection (NS group) and physical therapy | Active Comparator | Four 4ml 1% xylocaine mixed with 5ml normal saline will be injected into the affected GHJ (6ml) and SASD bursa (3ml) for 2 times in 2-week interval . The techniques of injection are the same as those used in the PRP injection. Physical therapy will be conducted for 8 weeks. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRP injection (PRP group) | Other | Patients in the PRP group will receive both shoulder joint (GHJ) and SASD bursa injection for one time. PRP will be prepared by taking 10ml venous blood which is then mixed with 2ml of thrombin and centrifuged in a specially designed tube at 3400 rotations per minute (rpm) for 15 minutes. About 2ml PRP and 3ml platelet poor plasma (PPP) will be extracted, then 4ml 1% xylocaine will be added to make 9ml injectate. 6ml injectate will be injected into the posterior GHJ with a 7 cm 23-gauge needle under ultrasound (US) guidance. Another 3ml injectate will be injected into the SASD bursa of the affected shoulder with a 3.8 cm 22-gauge needle under US guidance. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) | The SPADI is a self-administered questionnaire that evaluate the pain and disability of shoulder diseases. It has 2 subclasses (pain and disability) that consists of 13 items. The pain domain has 5 items and the disabilities domain has 8 items. The SPADI score, which ranges between 0 (best score) and 100 (worst score), is calculated by averaging the scores from the 2 subclasses. | Change between baseline and at 1 months, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months after the beginning of the treatment. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The pain visual analog scale (VAS) | The pain VAS is obtained using a 100-mm-long horizontal line, with 0 mm on the left, indicating no pain, and 100 mm on the right, indicating very severe pain.22 The pain at rest is defined as rest pain, and pain on maximal abduction of the affected shoulder is defined as activity pain. The reliability of pain VAS is 0.94, but in the absence of a criterion standard for pain, criterion validity cannot be evaluated. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Lin-Fen Hsieh | Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital | Taipei | Taiwan |
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| Corticosteroid injection (CS group) | Other | Three ml triamcinolone (1ml= 10mg), 4ml 1% xylocain, and 2ml normal saline to make a 9ml injectate is injected into the affected shoulder (6ml to posterior GHJ and 3 ml to SASD bursa). The techniques of injection are the same as those used in the PRP injection. |
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| Normal saline injection (NS group) | Other | Four 4ml 1% xylocaine mixed with 5ml normal saline will be injected into the affected GHJ (6ml) and SASD bursa (3ml). The techniques of injection are the same as those used in the PRP injection. |
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| Change between baseline and at 1 months, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months after the beginning of the treatment. |
| Range of motion（ROM） | All the 4 planes of ROM will be measured. It includes abduction in the frontal plane, forward flexion, internal rotation, and external rotation with the arm at 0° of abduction. | Change between baseline and at 1 months, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months after the beginning of the treatment. |
| Shoulder Disability Questionnaire（SDQ） | The SDQ is a pain-related questionnaire that contains 16 items describing common situations that may induce symptoms in patients with shoulder disorders. The response options are "yes," "no," and "not applicable." The final score is calculated by dividing the number of positively scored items by the total number of applicable items and then multiplying this number by 100, which results in a final score ranging between 0 (no disability) and 100 (the worst possible condition). | Change between baseline and at 1 months, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months after the beginning of the treatment. |
| The 36-item Short Form Health Survey（SF-36） | The SF-36 is a generic measure of quality of life and is composed of 8 subscales related to the following components: physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health. Each subscale generates a score from 0 to 100, and higher scores indicate better health. | Change between baseline and at 1 months, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months after the beginning of the treatment. |
| Self-assessment of the treatment effect | Patient's evaluation of the treatment effect consists of the answer to one question: "Is the treatment effective?" scored on a Likert scale (very effective=5, effective=4, same=3, worse=2, much worse=1). | Change between baseline and at 1 months, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months after the beginning of the treatment. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002062 | Bursitis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000305 | Adrenal Cortex Hormones |
| D000077330 | Saline Solution |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006728 | Hormones |
| D006730 | Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists |
| D000077324 | Crystalloid Solutions |
| D007552 | Isotonic Solutions |
| D012996 | Solutions |
| D004364 | Pharmaceutical Preparations |
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