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need to be redesigned
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Tracheal intubation remains a common procedure in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the delivery room (DR).
Current guidelines recommend Estimation of correct endotracheal tube (ETT) insertion Our hospital policy recommends to estimate the correct depth (cm) of tube placement by measuring the nasal-ear-tragus length using the "7-8-9 rule" when the endotracheal tube is placed orally. Using this formula an infant weighing 1kg would be intubated to a depth of 7cm, a 2kg infant to a depth of 8cm, and a 3kg infant to a depth of 9cm from the upper lip.
With the new 2015 guidelines, ETT depth is determined by measuring the newborn's nasal septum-tragus length (NTL) and adding 1cm or by using the "initial endotracheal tube insertion depth" table. The NTL is described as the distance from the base of the nasal septum to the tragus of the ear.
However, studies using NTL reported that using this technique only resulted in correct ETT placement in 56% of cases.
Every ETT has markings on the tube, which are called vocal cord markings, which are to be used to provide a guidance to how deep to place the ETT into the trachea. There has been npc study to compare the vocal cord markings with the current approach of NTL.
The current study aims to determine if the use of vocal cord markings during intubation increases percentage of correct endotracheal tube placement compared to NTL in preterm and term infants.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nostril-Tragus-Length | Active Comparator |
| |
| Vocal cord markings | Experimental |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nostril-Tragus-Length | Procedure | Endotracheal tube depth is determined by measuring the newborn's nasal septum-tragus length (NTL) and adding 1cm. The NTL is described as the distance from the base of the nasal septum to the tragus of the ear. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of endotracheal tubes correctly placed within the trachea | within 30 minutes after endotracheal intubation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Mortality in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit | We will record the number of infants who die during their admission | 0-200 days |
| Necrotizing Enterocolitis | We will record the number of infants who are diagnosed with Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Georg Schmolzer | University of Alberta | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Royal Alexandra Hospital | Edmonton | Alberta | T5H 3V9 | Canada |
Investigators can contact the PI to discuss to use the collected data
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012128 | Respiratory Distress Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D012120 | Respiration Disorders |
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| Vocal cord marking | Procedure | The endotracheal tube has markings on the tube, which are called vocal cord markings, which will be used to provide a guidance to how deep to place the ETT into the trachea. |
|
| 0-200 days |
| Patent Ductus Arteriosus | We will record the number of infants who are diagnosed with Patent Ductus Arteriosus | 0-200 days |
| Intraventricular hemorrhage all grades | We will record the number of infants who are diagnosed with intraventricular hemorrhage | 0-200 days |
| Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia at | We will record the number of infants who are diagnosed with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia | 36 weeks corrected gestational age |
| Changes in oxygen saturation during intubation procedure | During intubation we will record the lowest oxygen saturation | 0 to 60 seconds |
| Changes in Heart rate during intubation procedure | During intubation we will record the lowest heart rate. | 0 to 60 seconds |
| Duration of Intubation procedure | During Intubation, we will measure time from end of mask ventilation to connection of the ventilation device to ETT | 0 to 60 seconds |
| Airway injury observed during intubation (including blood, swollen cords, vocal cord redness) | Observed by the person who performs the intubation by looking for blood, swollen cords, redness. There is no score or questionnaire. The operator will only assess these with yes or no | 0 to 60 seconds |