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Pain During Childbirth is a Complex and Subjective Experience. The Degree of a Woman's Suffering in Childbirth Depends on the Intensity of Labour Pain and Many Indirect Factors. Complex Interrelated Effects on Labour Pain Are Limited by the Little Number of Studies Available. That is Why it is Necessary to Determine the Probable Factors That May Affect the Intensity of Pain.
A prospective observational study was conducted in the period from December 2020 to May 2021 at the Kyiv City Maternity Hospital №5 (Kyiv, Ukraine). The study protocol was approved by the Bogomolets National Medical University Ethics Committee. The examined predictors were derived from mothers' self-report of overall childbirth. 366 women took part in research, 282 of participants rated their pain by ≤ 60 mm visual analog scale (VAS), while 84 patients reported their pain by ≥70 mm VAS. The aim of study was to investigate predictors of severe labour pain. In the postpartum period all patients filled questionnaires and underwent interviews from the 1st to the 3rd day after delivery. The following groups of risk factors were studied:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Women with not severe labour pain | Group 1 included 282 patients (pain level ≥7 mm according to the VAS). |
| |
| Women with severe labour pain | Group 2 included 84 patients (pain level ≤ 6 mm using the VAS). |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Visual analogue scale (VAS) | Diagnostic Test | In the postpartum period all patients filled VAS and underwent interviews from the 1st to the 3rd day after delivery. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Prenatal anxiety level | Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 scale is a tool, which confirms the diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder. A positive Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 scale result is a score of at least 3 points. It is considered to be negative outcome. | 6 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
mothers over 18 years of age
mothers over 18 years of age, 1st or 2nd parturitions, childbirth with the birth of the alive fetus
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Iurii Kuchyn, PhD | Bogomolets National Medical University | Study Director |
| Dmytro Govsieiev, PhD | Bogomolets National Medical University | Study Director |
| Kateryna Bielka, PhD | Bogomolets National Medical University | Study Chair |
| Anastasiia Romanenko, MD | Bogomolets National Medical University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bogomolets National Medical University | Kiev | Ukraine |
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| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| World Health Organization (WHO). Intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience: a practical guide. Accessed 7 February 2018. | View source |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D048949 | Labor Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010147 | Pain Measurement |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009460 | Neurologic Examination |
| D010808 | Physical Examination |
| D019937 | Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures |
| D003933 | Diagnosis |
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| General anxiety scale (GAD-2) and survey | Diagnostic Test | In the postpartum period all patients filled survey with GAD-2 and underwent interviews from the 1st to the 3rd day after delivery. |
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