Patients with well-characterized DNER antibodies.

This is a non-interventional study involving clinical data and biological samples (DNA). Clinical data are collected for the center and samples are already stored in biobank repositories and collected as part of "good clinical practice" in the diagnostic process of patients with suspected autoimmune encephalitis, meaning that the standard diagnostic and therapeutic approaches will not be altered in the selected study population. Patients have already gave explicit written consent for biological specimens sampling and storage at the "Centre de Ressources Biologiques des Hospices Civils de Lyon" (CRB-HCL) (including tissue, cells or biological fluids) and genetic analysis for research purposes. Additionally, patients will be informed about the present study.

Residual neurological disability as assessed by the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at last visit)