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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Steve and Alexandra Cohen Foundation | UNKNOWN |
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Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (with a one-week washout period) where subjects receive either 3 months of tetracycline or 3 months of placebo. After the 3 month primary endpoint, in the follow-up period, patients will be assigned to the alternate treatment for 3 months with blind maintained.
There is precedent for the use of tetracycline class antibiotics as an anti-inflammatory agent in chronic illnesses including dermatologic and rheumatologic illnesses. The 2015 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) includes long-term therapy with tetracycline in its treatment recommendations. This class of antibiotics has known anti-inflammatory effect in addition to its antimicrobial properties. Tetracyclines, in particular minocycline, have been associated with a significant improvement in disease activity in RA with no increased risk of adverse effects.
To date, no clinical trials have examined the benefit of extended duration; i.e. >4 weeks tetracycline therapy in PTLD. Concerns over side effects and the development of antibiotic-resistance and superinfections such as Clostridioides difficile have limited the use of long-term antibiotics, including tetracycline. There is a large body of literature on tetracycline and other drugs in this class regarding the drugs' anti-inflammatory properties and potential benefit in several non-infectious diseases such cerebrovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and rosacea.
The investigators believe that this deserves further study. Initially, the investigators propose this pilot study to examine the feasibility and tolerability of tetracycline treatment in PTLD Secondarily, the investigators propose to assess preliminary data on the efficacy of 3 months duration tetracycline treatment in reducing PTLD symptoms at (1) the end of the three-month treatment period, and (2) rate of change during the 1st 3 months of treatment.
Lastly, as an exploration, the investigators will explore in the follow-up period the return of symptoms after the completion of the 3 month tetracycline and the effect of 3 months of tetracycline in the placebo arm.
The investigators hypothesize that a tetracycline study over a 4 year interval will be feasible to conduct and tolerable to patients. Secondarily, the investigators hypothesize that 3 months of tetracycline treatment will be associated with greater improvements in fatigue, symptom burden and functional impact than placebo. This research is important because the long-term sequelae of LD are debilitating to patients and costly to society.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tetracycline First | Active Comparator | Tetracycline for first 3 months, placebo for second 3 months. |
|
| Placebo First | Placebo Comparator | Placebo for first 3 months, tetracycline for second 3 months. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tetracycline 500 Mg | Drug | 500 mg three times daily |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Participant Retention | Number of participants retained. | 36 months |
| Tolerability as assessed by number of side effects | Tolerability as assessed by number of side effects, as measured by Systematic Assessment for Treatment Emergent Events (SAFTEE). | 36 months |
| Tolerability as assessed by severity of side effects | Tolerability as assessed by severity of side effects, as measured by SAFTEE. | 36 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Fatigue as assessed by the Fatigue Severity Scale | A change of 0.7 in the Fatigue Severity Scale will be considered clinically significant | 36 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Definite LD. Medical record documented history of erythema migrans or medical record documented history of a Lyme disease compatible neurologic, cardiac or musculoskeletal manifestation of Lyme disease with a confirmatory 2-tier serology, modified 2-tier serologic test, or immunoglobulin G (IgG) western blot and a lack of alternative diagnosis Probable LD. Medical record documented history of Lyme disease with atypical or nonspecific manifestations with a confirmatory 2-tier serology, modified 2-tier serologic test, or IgG western blot and a lack of alternative diagnosis.
Exclusion Criteria:
No antibiotics in the prior 2 months No change in medications during the prior 4 months that might have an impact on primary and secondary outcome measures. See list. No immunosuppressive medications No medications that interact with tetracycline: atovaquone, retinoid medications taken by mouth (such as acitretin, isotretinoin), strontium, digoxin, kaolin pectin, warfarin Use of prescription or over the counter (OTC) medications containing calcium (i.e. Tums)
• History of the following conditions predating the diagnosis of Lyme disease: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome Fibromyalgia Autoimmune disease
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| John N. Aucott, MD | Johns Hopkins University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Johns Hopkins Lyme Disease Research Center | Lutherville | Maryland | 21093 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077342 | Post-Lyme Disease Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008193 | Lyme Disease |
| D016905 | Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections |
| D001424 | Bacterial Infections |
| D001423 | Bacterial Infections and Mycoses |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013752 | Tetracycline |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013754 | Tetracyclines |
| D009279 | Naphthacenes |
| D011084 | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
| D006841 | Hydrocarbons, Aromatic |
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| Placebo |
| Other |
Placebo for Tetracycline given same way as Tetracycline. |
|
| D007239 | Infections |
| D001899 | Borrelia Infections |
| D013145 | Spirochaetales Infections |
| D017282 | Tick-Borne Diseases |
| D000079426 | Vector Borne Diseases |
| D000094025 | Post-Infectious Disorders |
| D002908 | Chronic Disease |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D006844 |
| Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
| D006838 | Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |