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The aim of the research will be to evaluate the effects of NSPT on clinical periodontal parameters, level of antioxidants in unstimulated saliva and the levels of biomarkers (VEGF, TGF-β, IL-17) in the GCF in SSc patients in comparison with systemically healthy controls. Twenty systemic sclerosis patients with periodontitis (SS group) and twenty systemically healthy periodontitis patients (P group) will be enrolled in the present study. The results may indicate higher periodontal destruction and antioxidant perturbations in unstimulated saliva of systemic sclerosis patients with periodontitis compared to systemically healthy periodontitis patients.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| systemic sclerosis group | Experimental | Patients with established diagnoses of systemic sclerosis and periodontitis |
|
| periodontitis group | Experimental | Systemically healthy periodontitis patients |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| periodontal examination's, determination of salivary antioxidants and cytokine levels (VEGF, TGF-β, Il-17) in gingival crevicular fluid, Non-surgical therapy of periodontitis | Procedure | Periodontal parameters has been recorded on six sites of each tooth using a manual periodontal probe. Activity of antioxidants in unstimulated saliva (GPX, SOD, UA) has been determined using the colorimetric method and commercial kits. Total cytokine levels (VEGF, TGF-β, Il-17) in gingival crevicular fluid were determined using commercial ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kits . The therapeutic procedure begun with ultrasonic scaling (MiniPiezon, EMS Electro Medical Systems, Switzerland), along with education and motivation of subjects to maintain oral hygiene properly. Periodontal debridement was carried out under local anesthesia, by quadrants, starting from the upper right quadrant at 7-day intervals until the completion of therapy. Instrumentation of all periodontal pockets was processed manually using specialized curettes. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical attachment level (CAL) | Measuring the CAL by periodontal probe, measured in mm | one day |
| Probing depth (PD) | Measuring the PD by periodontal probe, measured in mm | one day |
| Gingival margin level (GML) | Measuring the GML by periodontal probe, measured in mm | one day |
| The degree of gingival inflammation | The degree of gingival inflammation was assessed using the Loe and Silness (LSGI) gingival index. | one day |
| plaque index (PI) | Evaluation of oral hygiene status was recorded with a Silness Loe plaque index (PI). | one day |
| The concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) | The level of VEGF were determined using commercial ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kits. | baseline and two months after periodontal treatment |
| The concentration of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) | The level of TGF-β in gingival crevicular fluid was determined using commercial ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kits at the Implant Research Center, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, following the manufacturer's instructions. | baseline and two months after periodontal treatment |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Natasa Nikolic Jakoba, DDS, PhD | Contact | +381112685288 | natasa.nikolic.jakoba@stomf.bg.ac.rs |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Natasa Nikolic Jakoba, DDS, PhD | School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Periodontology and Oral medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade | Recruiting | Belgrade | 11000 | Serbia |
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|
| Activity of antioxidants in unstimulated saliva (GPX, SOD, UA) | Diagnostic Test | Activity of antioxidants in unstimulated saliva (GPX, SOD, UA) has been determined using the colorimetric method and commercial kits. |
|
| Total cytokine levels (VEGF, TGF-β, Il-17) in gingival crevicular fluid | Diagnostic Test | Total cytokine levels (VEGF, TGF-β, Il-17) in gingival crevicular fluid were determined using commercial ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kits . |
|
| Periodontal treatment | Procedure | The therapeutic procedure begun with ultrasonic scaling (MiniPiezon, EMS Electro Medical Systems, Switzerland), along with education and motivation of subjects to maintain oral hygiene properly. Periodontal debridement was carried out under local anesthesia, by quadrants, starting from the upper right quadrant at 7-day intervals until the completion of therapy. Instrumentation of all periodontal pockets was processed manually using specialized curettes. |
|
| The concentration of interleukin (IL)-17 | interleukin (IL)-17 was determined using commercial ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kits at the Implant Research Center, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, following the manufacturer's instructions. | baseline and two months after periodontal treatment |
| The concentration of glutathion peroxidase (GPX) | Activity level of GPX, determined using the colorimetric method and commercial kits. | one day |
| The concentration of uric acid (UA) | Activity level of UA, determined using the colorimetric method and commercial kits. | one day |
| The concentration of superoxide dismutase (SOD) | Activity level of SOD, determined using the colorimetric method and commercial kits. | one day |
| The concentration of tumor necrosis factor alpha | baseline and two months after periodontal treatment |
| The concentration of C reactive protein | baseline and two months after periodontal treatment |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) | baseline and two months after periodontal treatment |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012595 | Scleroderma, Systemic |
| D010518 | Periodontitis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003240 | Connective Tissue Diseases |
| D017437 | Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
| D010510 | Periodontal Diseases |
| D009059 | Mouth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D042461 | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A |
| D020381 | Interleukin-17 |
| D010512 | Periodontal Index |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D042442 | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors |
| D042501 | Angiogenic Proteins |
| D036341 | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins |
| D010455 | Peptides |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |
| D011506 | Proteins |
| D001685 | Biological Factors |
| D007378 | Interleukins |
| D016207 | Cytokines |
| D003753 | Dental Health Surveys |
| D006306 | Health Surveys |
| D011795 | Surveys and Questionnaires |
| D003625 | Data Collection |
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D003813 | Dentistry |
| D010517 | Periodontics |
| D017531 | Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms |
| D011787 | Quality of Health Care |
| D017530 | Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation |
| D011634 | Public Health |
| D004778 | Environment and Public Health |
| D011636 | Public Health Dentistry |
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