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This study investigates the effect of blood flow restriction with resistance exercise on functional mobility in pre-frail older adults. It is hypothesized that receiving resistance exercise with blood flow restriction will exhibit better improvement on functional mobility than only receiving resistance exercise in pre-frail older adults.
Participants aged over 65 years old with less than two items positive of Fried frailty phenotype assessment result will be recruited. The participants will be randomly assigned to two training groups, blood flow restriction resistance exercise and traditional resistance exercise. Both groups will receive the training 30 minutes/session, two sessions/week for six weeks. Muscle strength of the lower extremities and functional mobility tests will be used to assess outcomes at pre-training, 3-week after training, post-training, and one-month and two-month follow-up.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Experimental | Resistance exercise with blood flow restriction |
|
| Control | Active Comparator | Traditional resistance exercise |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resistance exercise on the lower extremities | Other | Resistance exercise mainly on the lower extremities will be executed by carrying weight according to each participant's tolerance while performing certain movements, such as side step-up, sit-to-stand, and tip-toe-standing. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change of Timed-Up and Go (TUG) test | Timed-Up and Go test | Before intervention, 3 and 6 weeks after intervention, and one- and two-month follow ups after intervention |
| Change of 30 seconds sit to stand | 30 seconds sit to stand test | Before intervention, 3 and 6 weeks after intervention, and one- and two-month follow ups after intervention |
| Change of muscle strength of the lower extremities | Muscle strength of bilateral hip flexors, knee extensors, ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors | Before intervention, 3 and 6 weeks after intervention, and one- and two-month follow ups after intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change of one-repetition maximum | One-repetiton maximum of side step-ups | Before intervention, 3 and 6 weeks after intervention, and one- and two-month follow ups after intervention |
| Change of muscle mass |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Physical Therapy | Tainan | 704 | Taiwan |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000073496 | Frailty |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| Resistance exercise on the lower extremities with blood flow restriction | Other | Blood flow restriction on the thigh of the dominant leg will be used in combination with resistance exercise. |
|
Muscle mass of the upper and lower extremities and trunk
| Before intervention, 3 and 6 weeks after intervention, and one- and two-month follow ups after intervention |
| Change of hand grip strength | Bilateral grip strength | Before intervention, 3 and 6 weeks after intervention, and one- and two-month follow ups after intervention |